Table 1.

Biochemical and hematologic parameters in WT and CEP mice treated with DEF 1 or 3 mg/mL

VariableWTCEPWT DEF 1 mg/mLCEP DEF 1 mg/mLWT DEF 3 mg/mLCEP DEF 3 mg/mL
Creatinine, µmol/L 35.5 ± 8.4 34.7 ± 3.4 41.2 ± 1.8 41.3 ± 4.5 42.8 ± 5.1 39.9 ± 3.9 
   NS vs WT NS vs CEP NS vs WT NS vs CEP 
Urea, mmol/L 10.3 ± 2.6 22.8 ± 6.9 11.2 ± 1.3 23.4 ± 9.1 12.1 ± 2 16.7 ± 4.5 
  P < .01 vs WT NS vs WT P < .001 vs CEP NS vs WT NS vs CEP 
ALT, IU/L 60.6 ± 30.8 83.8 ± 12.5 65.7 ± 31.1 90.9 ± 24.8 61.4 ± 18.3 68.1 ± 7.6 
   NS vs WT NS vs CEP NS vs WT NS vs CEP 
AST, IU/L 133 ± 107 468 ± 111 214 ± 157 507 ± 138 165 ± 90 226 ± 31 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT 
   NS vs CEP  P < .01 vs CEP  
      P < .001 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
Bilirubin, µmol/L 1.3 ± 0.5 6.8 ± 1.6 0.7 ± 0.7 5.7 ± 3.3P < .001 vs WT 1.3 ± 0.4 6.5 ± 1.4 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs CEP NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT 
      NS vs CEP 
LDH, IU/L 640 ± 351 7403 ± 1807 1155 ± 633 5964 ± 2437 753 ± 525 3159 ± 1794 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .05 vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .05 vs CEP DEF1 
RBC, 1012/L 10.8 ± 0.9 6.1 ± 1.3 10.3 ± 1.2 7.0 ± 1.7 10.7 ± 1.3 10.5 ± 1.5 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .01 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
Hemoglobin, g/dL 17.0 ± 1.5 8.9 ± 1.2 16.0 ± 1.6 9.6 ± 2.2 17.3 ± 2.2 13.7 ± 1.8 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .01 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
Hematocrit, % 58.9 ± 4.3 33.5 ± 5.3 57.5 ± 7.3 36.1 ± 9.1 57.9 ± 7.9 50.8 ± 7.2 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .01 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
MCV, fL 54.9 ± 2.0 55.4 ± 4.0 55.8 ± 0.8 51.4 ± 2.4 54.2 ± 0.8 48.6 ± 2.6 
  NS vs CEP NS vs WT P < .05 vs CEP NS vs WT P < .0001 vs CEP 
MCH, pg 15.8 ± 0.8 15.1 ± 1.2 15.6 ± 0.4 13.8 ± 0.8 16.4 ± 0.4 13.2 ± 0.7 
  NS vs CEP NS vs WT P < .001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT 
    P < .05 vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
MCHC, g/dL 28.8 ± 0.9 27.2 ± 0.8 28 ± 0.9 26.3 ± 1.1 29.8 ± 0.5 27 ± 0.7 
  P < .05 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT 
Platelets, 109/L 1161 ± 127 1990 ± 188 1147 ± 231 1732 ± 329 1051 ± 321 1604 ± 254 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT NS vs WT P < .05 vs WT 
Liver/body weight, % 5.3 ± 0.7 6.9 ± 0.8 5.5 ± 0.2 6.7 ± 0.5 5.0 ± 0.5 6.2 ± 0.7 
  P < .001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs WT 
Spleen/body weight, % 0.46 ± 0.13 4.51 ± 0.59 0.41 ± 0.03 3.98 ± 0.62 0.48 ± 0.14 3.52 ± 0.39 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT 
      P < .001 vs CEP 
VariableWTCEPWT DEF 1 mg/mLCEP DEF 1 mg/mLWT DEF 3 mg/mLCEP DEF 3 mg/mL
Creatinine, µmol/L 35.5 ± 8.4 34.7 ± 3.4 41.2 ± 1.8 41.3 ± 4.5 42.8 ± 5.1 39.9 ± 3.9 
   NS vs WT NS vs CEP NS vs WT NS vs CEP 
Urea, mmol/L 10.3 ± 2.6 22.8 ± 6.9 11.2 ± 1.3 23.4 ± 9.1 12.1 ± 2 16.7 ± 4.5 
  P < .01 vs WT NS vs WT P < .001 vs CEP NS vs WT NS vs CEP 
ALT, IU/L 60.6 ± 30.8 83.8 ± 12.5 65.7 ± 31.1 90.9 ± 24.8 61.4 ± 18.3 68.1 ± 7.6 
   NS vs WT NS vs CEP NS vs WT NS vs CEP 
AST, IU/L 133 ± 107 468 ± 111 214 ± 157 507 ± 138 165 ± 90 226 ± 31 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT 
   NS vs CEP  P < .01 vs CEP  
      P < .001 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
Bilirubin, µmol/L 1.3 ± 0.5 6.8 ± 1.6 0.7 ± 0.7 5.7 ± 3.3P < .001 vs WT 1.3 ± 0.4 6.5 ± 1.4 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs CEP NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT 
      NS vs CEP 
LDH, IU/L 640 ± 351 7403 ± 1807 1155 ± 633 5964 ± 2437 753 ± 525 3159 ± 1794 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .05 vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .05 vs CEP DEF1 
RBC, 1012/L 10.8 ± 0.9 6.1 ± 1.3 10.3 ± 1.2 7.0 ± 1.7 10.7 ± 1.3 10.5 ± 1.5 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .01 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
Hemoglobin, g/dL 17.0 ± 1.5 8.9 ± 1.2 16.0 ± 1.6 9.6 ± 2.2 17.3 ± 2.2 13.7 ± 1.8 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .01 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
Hematocrit, % 58.9 ± 4.3 33.5 ± 5.3 57.5 ± 7.3 36.1 ± 9.1 57.9 ± 7.9 50.8 ± 7.2 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs WT 
    NS vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
      P < .01 vs CEP DEF 1 mg/mL 
MCV, fL 54.9 ± 2.0 55.4 ± 4.0 55.8 ± 0.8 51.4 ± 2.4 54.2 ± 0.8 48.6 ± 2.6 
  NS vs CEP NS vs WT P < .05 vs CEP NS vs WT P < .0001 vs CEP 
MCH, pg 15.8 ± 0.8 15.1 ± 1.2 15.6 ± 0.4 13.8 ± 0.8 16.4 ± 0.4 13.2 ± 0.7 
  NS vs CEP NS vs WT P < .001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT 
    P < .05 vs CEP  P < .001 vs CEP 
MCHC, g/dL 28.8 ± 0.9 27.2 ± 0.8 28 ± 0.9 26.3 ± 1.1 29.8 ± 0.5 27 ± 0.7 
  P < .05 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT 
Platelets, 109/L 1161 ± 127 1990 ± 188 1147 ± 231 1732 ± 329 1051 ± 321 1604 ± 254 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT NS vs WT P < .05 vs WT 
Liver/body weight, % 5.3 ± 0.7 6.9 ± 0.8 5.5 ± 0.2 6.7 ± 0.5 5.0 ± 0.5 6.2 ± 0.7 
  P < .001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .01 vs WT NS vs WT NS vs WT 
Spleen/body weight, % 0.46 ± 0.13 4.51 ± 0.59 0.41 ± 0.03 3.98 ± 0.62 0.48 ± 0.14 3.52 ± 0.39 
  P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT NS vs WT P < .0001 vs WT 
      P < .001 vs CEP 

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; NS, not significant.

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