Baseline characteristics organized according to initial therapy treatment group
| Variables . | Total (N = 745) . | Nonprednisone (N = 137) . | Prednisone only (N = 411) . | Prednisone + other agent(s) (N = 197) . | P* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at cGVHD (y), median (IQR) | 53.2 (41.4-61.3) | 52.9 (40.9-61.0) | 53.2 (40.9-61.0) | 55.0 (43.0-62.0) | .28 |
| Sex | .99 | ||||
| Female | 298 (40.0%) | 54 (39.4%) | 165 (40.1%) | 79 (40.1%) | |
| Male | 447 (60.0%) | 83 (60.6%) | 246 (59.9%) | 118 (59.9%) | |
| Diagnosisat transplant | .47 | ||||
| AML/ALL | 348 (46.7%) | 68 (49.6%) | 184 (44.8%) | 96 (48.7%) | |
| CML/CLL | 77 (10.3%) | 14 (10.2%) | 45 (11.0%) | 18 (9.1%) | |
| MDS/MPD | 134 (18.0%) | 28 (20.4%) | 68 (16.6%) | 38 (19.3%) | |
| NHL/HD | 109 (14.6%) | 12 (8.8%) | 69 (16.8%) | 28 (14.2%) | |
| Other | 77 (10.3%) | 15 (11.0%) | 45 (11.0%) | 17 (8.6%) | |
| Myeloablative | 352 (47.3%) | 79 (58.1%) | 189 (46.0%) | 84 (42.6%) | .015 |
| Graft source | .10 | ||||
| Peripheral blood | 659 (88.5%) | 116 (84.7%) | 361 (87.8%) | 182 (92.4%) | |
| Bone marrow | 50 (6.7%) | 15 (10.9%) | 26 (6.3%) | 9 (4.6%) | |
| Cord blood | 36 (4.8%) | 6 (4.4%) | 24 (5.8%) | 6 (3.0%) | |
| HLA matching | 0.01 | ||||
| Mismatched donor | 116 (15.6%) | 30 (21.9%) | 66 (16.1%) | 20 (10.2%) | |
| Matched donor | 629 (84.4%) | 107 (78.1%) | 345 (83.9%) | 177 (89.8%) | |
| Donor type (related) | .49 | ||||
| Unrelated donor | 445 (59.7%) | 88 (64.2%) | 241 (58.6%) | 116 (58.9%) | |
| Related donor | 300 (40.3%) | 49 (35.8%) | 170 (41.4%) | 81 (41.1%) | |
| Site | <.001 | ||||
| Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center | 302 (40.5%) | 66 (48.2%) | 130 (31.6% | 106 (53.8%) | |
| University of Minnesota | 91 (12.2%) | 8 (5.8%) | 55 (13.4%) | 28 (14.2%) | |
| Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | 92 (12.4%) | 4 (2.9%) | 77 (18.7%) | 11 (5.6%) | |
| Stanford University | 62 (8.3%) | 8 (5.8%) | 47 (11.4%) | 7 (3.6%) | |
| Vanderbilt University | 70 (9.4%) | 9 (6.6%) | 46 (11.2%) | 15 (7.6%) | |
| H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center | 36 (4.8%) | 21 (15.3%) | 10 (2.4%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Other† | 92 (12.4%) | 21 (15.3% | 46 (11.2%) | 25 (12.7%) | |
| GVHD prophylaxis | .01 | ||||
| Cyclosporine/MMF-based | 215 (29.1%) | 38 (27.9%) | 111 (27.3%) | 66 (33.8%) | |
| Posttransplant cyclophosphamide-based | 11 (1.5%) | 2 (1.5%) | 9 (2.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Cyclosporine-Tac/MTX-based | 331 (44.9%) | 67 (49.3%) | 175 (43.0%) | 89 (45.6%) | |
| Cyclosporine-Tac/sirolimus-based | 97 (13.1%) | 18 (13.2%) | 66 (16.2%) | 13 (6.7%) | |
| Tacrolimus/MMF-based | 47 (6.4%) | 5 (3.7%) | 23 (5.7%) | 19 (9.7%) | |
| Other (single agent, or rare) | 37 (5.0%) | 6 (4.4%) | 23 (5.7%) | 8 (4.1%) | |
| Missing | (N = 7) | (N = 1) | (N = 4) | (N = 2) | |
| Year chronic GVHD diagnosis | .45 | ||||
| 2007-2011 | 325 (43.6%) | 64 (46.7%) | 182 (44.3%) | 79 (40.1%) | |
| 2012-2017 | 420 (56.4%) | 73 (53.3%) | 229 (55.7%) | 118 (59.9%) | |
| Months from HCT to chronic GVHD, median (IQR) | 7.5 (5.4-11.2) | 9.1 (5.5-13.0) | 6.9 (5.2-9.8) | 8.2 (6.2-11.9) | <.001 |
| N | 744 | 137 | 410 | 197 | |
| Time between chronic GVHD and initial treatment | <.001 | ||||
| ≤1 wk | 530 (71.1%) | 60 (43.8%) | 318 (77.4%) | 152 (77.2%) | |
| >1-2 wk | 31 (4.2%) | 5 (3.6%) | 17 (4.1%) | 9 (4.6%) | |
| >2 wk-≤30 d | 37 (5.0%) | 5 (3.6%) | 21 (5.1%) | 11 (5.6%) | |
| >30 d | 147 (19.7%) | 67 (48.9%) | 55 (13.4%) | 25 (12.7%) | |
| Acute GVHD grade II-IV | 357 (48.4%) | 87 (64.4%) | 166 (40.9%) | 104 (53.1%) | <.001 |
| Missing | (N = 8) | (N = 2) | (N = 5) | (N = 1) | |
| Karnofsky performance status at onset, median (IQR) | 90.0 (80.0-90.0) | 90.0 (80.0-90.0) | 90.0 (80.0-90.0) | 80.0 (70.0-90.0) | .30 |
| N | 570 | 115 | 310 | 145 | |
| Platelet count at onset, ×109/L, median (IQR) | 170.0 (118.0-229.5) | 160.0 (115.0-210.0) | 172.0 (121.0-228.0) | 172.5 (113.0-241.0) | .54 |
| N | 728 | 133 | 401 | 194 | |
| Bilirubin at onset, median (IQR) | 0.5 (0.4-0.8) | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 0.5 (0.4-0.8) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) | .01 |
| N | 716 | 134 | 394 | 188 | |
| Skin | |||||
| 0-1 | 445 (61.0%) | 84 (61.3%) | 256 (64.6%) | 105 (53.6%) | .03 |
| 2-3 | 284 (39.0%) | 53 (38.7%) | 140 (35.4%) | 91 (46.4%) | |
| Missing | (N = 16) | (N = 0) | (N = 15) | (N = 1) | |
| Mouth | |||||
| 0-1 | 616 (84.0%) | 117 (85.4%) | 336 (84.2%) | 163 (82.7%) | .80 |
| 2-3 | 117 (16.0%) | 20 (14.6%) | 63 (15.8%) | 34 (17.3%) | |
| Missing | (N = 12) | (N = 0) | (N = 12) | (N = 0) | |
| Gastrointestinal | |||||
| 0-1 | 650 (89.0%) | 125 (91.9%) | 362 (91.0%) | 163 (83.2%) | .008 |
| 2-3 | 80 (11.0%) | 11 (8.1%) | 36 (9.0%) | 33 (16.8%) | |
| Missing | (N = 15) | (N = 1) | (N = 13) | (N = 1) | |
| Eye | |||||
| 0-1 | 648 (89.9%) | 128 (94.1%) | 357 (90.8%) | 163 (84.9%) | .02 |
| 2-3 | 73 (10.1%) | 8 (5.9%) | 36 (9.2%) | 29 (15.1%) | |
| Missing | (N = 24) | (N = 1) | (N = 18) | (N = 5) | |
| Joint | |||||
| 0-1 | 669 (94.5%) | 129 (95.6%) | 362 (95.5%) | 178 (91.8%) | .15 |
| 2-3 | 39 (5.5%) | 6 (4.4%) | 17 (4.5%) | 16 (8.2%) | |
| Missing | (N = 37) | (N = 2) | (N = 32) | (N = 3) | |
| Genital | |||||
| 0-1 | 556 (97.0%) | 117 (97.5%) | 286 (98.3%) | 153 (94.4%) | .08 |
| 2-3 | 17 (3.0%) | 3 (2.5%) | 5 (1.7%) | 9 (5.6%) | |
| Missing | (N = 172) | (N = 17) | (N = 120) | (N = 35) | |
| Lung | |||||
| 0-1 | 686 (95.2%) | 128 (94.1%) | 373 (95.2%) | 185 (95.8%) | .86 |
| 2 | 24 (3.3%) | 5 (3.7%) | 14 (3.6%) | 5 (2.6%) | |
| 3 | 11 (1.5%) | 3 (2.2%) | 5 (1.3%) | 3 (1.6%) | |
| Missing | (N = 24) | (N = 1) | (N = 19) | (N = 4) | |
| Liver | |||||
| 0-1 | 598 (82.3%) | 122 (90.4%) | 324 (81.0%) | 152 (79.2%) | .02 |
| 2-3 | 129 (17.7%) | 13 (9.6%) | 76 (19.0%) | 40 (20.8%) | |
| Missing | (N = 18) | (N = 2) | (N = 11) | (N = 5) | |
| Chronic GVHD severity | <.001 | ||||
| Less than mild | 21 (2.8%) | 1 (0.7%) | 18 (4.4%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Mild | 141 (19.1%) | 38 (27.7%) | 79 (19.5%) | 24 (12.2%) | |
| Moderate | 373 (50.5%) | 67 (48.9%) | 210 (51.9%) | 96 (48.7%) | |
| Severe | 204 (27.6%) | 31 (22.6%) | 98 (24.2%) | 75 (38.1%) | |
| Missing | (N = 6) | (N = 0) | (N = 6) | (N = 0) | |
| Chronic GVHD type | .29 | ||||
| Classic | 229 (31.0%) | 40 (29.2%) | 135 (33.4%) | 54 (27.4%) | |
| Overlap | 509 (69.0%) | 97 (70.8%) | 269 (66.6%) | 143 (72.6%) | |
| Missing | (N = 7) | (N = 0) | (N = 7) | (N = 0) | |
| Sorror comorbidity index | .25 | ||||
| 0 | 134 (19.7%) | 18 (13.4%) | 79 (22.1%) | 37 (19.6%) | |
| 1,2 | 194 (28.5%) | 42 (31.3%) | 104 (29.0%) | 48 (25.4%) | |
| 3,4 | 187 (27.5%) | 44 (32.8%) | 91 (25.4%) | 52 (27.5%) | |
| 5+ | 166 (24.4%) | 30 (22.4%) | 84 (23.5%) | 52 (27.5%) | |
| Missing | (N = 64) | (N = 3) | (N = 53) | N = 8) | |
| Relapse after enrollment | 119 (16.0%) | 22 (16.1%) | 76 (18.5%) | 21 (10.7%) | .05 |
| Died | 250 (33.6%) | 42 (30.7%) | 146 (35.5%) | 62 (31.5%) | .45 |
| Initial therapy prednisone (mg/kg per day), median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.5-1.0) | NA | 0.8 (0.5-1.0) | 0.9 (0.5-1.1) | <.001 |
| N | 573 | NA | 385 | 188 |
| Variables . | Total (N = 745) . | Nonprednisone (N = 137) . | Prednisone only (N = 411) . | Prednisone + other agent(s) (N = 197) . | P* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at cGVHD (y), median (IQR) | 53.2 (41.4-61.3) | 52.9 (40.9-61.0) | 53.2 (40.9-61.0) | 55.0 (43.0-62.0) | .28 |
| Sex | .99 | ||||
| Female | 298 (40.0%) | 54 (39.4%) | 165 (40.1%) | 79 (40.1%) | |
| Male | 447 (60.0%) | 83 (60.6%) | 246 (59.9%) | 118 (59.9%) | |
| Diagnosisat transplant | .47 | ||||
| AML/ALL | 348 (46.7%) | 68 (49.6%) | 184 (44.8%) | 96 (48.7%) | |
| CML/CLL | 77 (10.3%) | 14 (10.2%) | 45 (11.0%) | 18 (9.1%) | |
| MDS/MPD | 134 (18.0%) | 28 (20.4%) | 68 (16.6%) | 38 (19.3%) | |
| NHL/HD | 109 (14.6%) | 12 (8.8%) | 69 (16.8%) | 28 (14.2%) | |
| Other | 77 (10.3%) | 15 (11.0%) | 45 (11.0%) | 17 (8.6%) | |
| Myeloablative | 352 (47.3%) | 79 (58.1%) | 189 (46.0%) | 84 (42.6%) | .015 |
| Graft source | .10 | ||||
| Peripheral blood | 659 (88.5%) | 116 (84.7%) | 361 (87.8%) | 182 (92.4%) | |
| Bone marrow | 50 (6.7%) | 15 (10.9%) | 26 (6.3%) | 9 (4.6%) | |
| Cord blood | 36 (4.8%) | 6 (4.4%) | 24 (5.8%) | 6 (3.0%) | |
| HLA matching | 0.01 | ||||
| Mismatched donor | 116 (15.6%) | 30 (21.9%) | 66 (16.1%) | 20 (10.2%) | |
| Matched donor | 629 (84.4%) | 107 (78.1%) | 345 (83.9%) | 177 (89.8%) | |
| Donor type (related) | .49 | ||||
| Unrelated donor | 445 (59.7%) | 88 (64.2%) | 241 (58.6%) | 116 (58.9%) | |
| Related donor | 300 (40.3%) | 49 (35.8%) | 170 (41.4%) | 81 (41.1%) | |
| Site | <.001 | ||||
| Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center | 302 (40.5%) | 66 (48.2%) | 130 (31.6% | 106 (53.8%) | |
| University of Minnesota | 91 (12.2%) | 8 (5.8%) | 55 (13.4%) | 28 (14.2%) | |
| Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | 92 (12.4%) | 4 (2.9%) | 77 (18.7%) | 11 (5.6%) | |
| Stanford University | 62 (8.3%) | 8 (5.8%) | 47 (11.4%) | 7 (3.6%) | |
| Vanderbilt University | 70 (9.4%) | 9 (6.6%) | 46 (11.2%) | 15 (7.6%) | |
| H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center | 36 (4.8%) | 21 (15.3%) | 10 (2.4%) | 5 (2.5%) | |
| Other† | 92 (12.4%) | 21 (15.3% | 46 (11.2%) | 25 (12.7%) | |
| GVHD prophylaxis | .01 | ||||
| Cyclosporine/MMF-based | 215 (29.1%) | 38 (27.9%) | 111 (27.3%) | 66 (33.8%) | |
| Posttransplant cyclophosphamide-based | 11 (1.5%) | 2 (1.5%) | 9 (2.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Cyclosporine-Tac/MTX-based | 331 (44.9%) | 67 (49.3%) | 175 (43.0%) | 89 (45.6%) | |
| Cyclosporine-Tac/sirolimus-based | 97 (13.1%) | 18 (13.2%) | 66 (16.2%) | 13 (6.7%) | |
| Tacrolimus/MMF-based | 47 (6.4%) | 5 (3.7%) | 23 (5.7%) | 19 (9.7%) | |
| Other (single agent, or rare) | 37 (5.0%) | 6 (4.4%) | 23 (5.7%) | 8 (4.1%) | |
| Missing | (N = 7) | (N = 1) | (N = 4) | (N = 2) | |
| Year chronic GVHD diagnosis | .45 | ||||
| 2007-2011 | 325 (43.6%) | 64 (46.7%) | 182 (44.3%) | 79 (40.1%) | |
| 2012-2017 | 420 (56.4%) | 73 (53.3%) | 229 (55.7%) | 118 (59.9%) | |
| Months from HCT to chronic GVHD, median (IQR) | 7.5 (5.4-11.2) | 9.1 (5.5-13.0) | 6.9 (5.2-9.8) | 8.2 (6.2-11.9) | <.001 |
| N | 744 | 137 | 410 | 197 | |
| Time between chronic GVHD and initial treatment | <.001 | ||||
| ≤1 wk | 530 (71.1%) | 60 (43.8%) | 318 (77.4%) | 152 (77.2%) | |
| >1-2 wk | 31 (4.2%) | 5 (3.6%) | 17 (4.1%) | 9 (4.6%) | |
| >2 wk-≤30 d | 37 (5.0%) | 5 (3.6%) | 21 (5.1%) | 11 (5.6%) | |
| >30 d | 147 (19.7%) | 67 (48.9%) | 55 (13.4%) | 25 (12.7%) | |
| Acute GVHD grade II-IV | 357 (48.4%) | 87 (64.4%) | 166 (40.9%) | 104 (53.1%) | <.001 |
| Missing | (N = 8) | (N = 2) | (N = 5) | (N = 1) | |
| Karnofsky performance status at onset, median (IQR) | 90.0 (80.0-90.0) | 90.0 (80.0-90.0) | 90.0 (80.0-90.0) | 80.0 (70.0-90.0) | .30 |
| N | 570 | 115 | 310 | 145 | |
| Platelet count at onset, ×109/L, median (IQR) | 170.0 (118.0-229.5) | 160.0 (115.0-210.0) | 172.0 (121.0-228.0) | 172.5 (113.0-241.0) | .54 |
| N | 728 | 133 | 401 | 194 | |
| Bilirubin at onset, median (IQR) | 0.5 (0.4-0.8) | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 0.5 (0.4-0.8) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) | .01 |
| N | 716 | 134 | 394 | 188 | |
| Skin | |||||
| 0-1 | 445 (61.0%) | 84 (61.3%) | 256 (64.6%) | 105 (53.6%) | .03 |
| 2-3 | 284 (39.0%) | 53 (38.7%) | 140 (35.4%) | 91 (46.4%) | |
| Missing | (N = 16) | (N = 0) | (N = 15) | (N = 1) | |
| Mouth | |||||
| 0-1 | 616 (84.0%) | 117 (85.4%) | 336 (84.2%) | 163 (82.7%) | .80 |
| 2-3 | 117 (16.0%) | 20 (14.6%) | 63 (15.8%) | 34 (17.3%) | |
| Missing | (N = 12) | (N = 0) | (N = 12) | (N = 0) | |
| Gastrointestinal | |||||
| 0-1 | 650 (89.0%) | 125 (91.9%) | 362 (91.0%) | 163 (83.2%) | .008 |
| 2-3 | 80 (11.0%) | 11 (8.1%) | 36 (9.0%) | 33 (16.8%) | |
| Missing | (N = 15) | (N = 1) | (N = 13) | (N = 1) | |
| Eye | |||||
| 0-1 | 648 (89.9%) | 128 (94.1%) | 357 (90.8%) | 163 (84.9%) | .02 |
| 2-3 | 73 (10.1%) | 8 (5.9%) | 36 (9.2%) | 29 (15.1%) | |
| Missing | (N = 24) | (N = 1) | (N = 18) | (N = 5) | |
| Joint | |||||
| 0-1 | 669 (94.5%) | 129 (95.6%) | 362 (95.5%) | 178 (91.8%) | .15 |
| 2-3 | 39 (5.5%) | 6 (4.4%) | 17 (4.5%) | 16 (8.2%) | |
| Missing | (N = 37) | (N = 2) | (N = 32) | (N = 3) | |
| Genital | |||||
| 0-1 | 556 (97.0%) | 117 (97.5%) | 286 (98.3%) | 153 (94.4%) | .08 |
| 2-3 | 17 (3.0%) | 3 (2.5%) | 5 (1.7%) | 9 (5.6%) | |
| Missing | (N = 172) | (N = 17) | (N = 120) | (N = 35) | |
| Lung | |||||
| 0-1 | 686 (95.2%) | 128 (94.1%) | 373 (95.2%) | 185 (95.8%) | .86 |
| 2 | 24 (3.3%) | 5 (3.7%) | 14 (3.6%) | 5 (2.6%) | |
| 3 | 11 (1.5%) | 3 (2.2%) | 5 (1.3%) | 3 (1.6%) | |
| Missing | (N = 24) | (N = 1) | (N = 19) | (N = 4) | |
| Liver | |||||
| 0-1 | 598 (82.3%) | 122 (90.4%) | 324 (81.0%) | 152 (79.2%) | .02 |
| 2-3 | 129 (17.7%) | 13 (9.6%) | 76 (19.0%) | 40 (20.8%) | |
| Missing | (N = 18) | (N = 2) | (N = 11) | (N = 5) | |
| Chronic GVHD severity | <.001 | ||||
| Less than mild | 21 (2.8%) | 1 (0.7%) | 18 (4.4%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Mild | 141 (19.1%) | 38 (27.7%) | 79 (19.5%) | 24 (12.2%) | |
| Moderate | 373 (50.5%) | 67 (48.9%) | 210 (51.9%) | 96 (48.7%) | |
| Severe | 204 (27.6%) | 31 (22.6%) | 98 (24.2%) | 75 (38.1%) | |
| Missing | (N = 6) | (N = 0) | (N = 6) | (N = 0) | |
| Chronic GVHD type | .29 | ||||
| Classic | 229 (31.0%) | 40 (29.2%) | 135 (33.4%) | 54 (27.4%) | |
| Overlap | 509 (69.0%) | 97 (70.8%) | 269 (66.6%) | 143 (72.6%) | |
| Missing | (N = 7) | (N = 0) | (N = 7) | (N = 0) | |
| Sorror comorbidity index | .25 | ||||
| 0 | 134 (19.7%) | 18 (13.4%) | 79 (22.1%) | 37 (19.6%) | |
| 1,2 | 194 (28.5%) | 42 (31.3%) | 104 (29.0%) | 48 (25.4%) | |
| 3,4 | 187 (27.5%) | 44 (32.8%) | 91 (25.4%) | 52 (27.5%) | |
| 5+ | 166 (24.4%) | 30 (22.4%) | 84 (23.5%) | 52 (27.5%) | |
| Missing | (N = 64) | (N = 3) | (N = 53) | N = 8) | |
| Relapse after enrollment | 119 (16.0%) | 22 (16.1%) | 76 (18.5%) | 21 (10.7%) | .05 |
| Died | 250 (33.6%) | 42 (30.7%) | 146 (35.5%) | 62 (31.5%) | .45 |
| Initial therapy prednisone (mg/kg per day), median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.5-1.0) | NA | 0.8 (0.5-1.0) | 0.9 (0.5-1.1) | <.001 |
| N | 573 | NA | 385 | 188 |
ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia; HD, Hodgkin lymphoma; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; MPD, myeloproliferative neoplasm; NHL, non Hodgkin lymphoma.
Based on the χ2 test/Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test for medians of continuous variables.
ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia; HD - Hodgkin lymphoma; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; MPD, myeloproliferative neoplasm; NHL, non Hodgkin lymphoma.
Other sites contributing <25 patients include Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, University of British Columbia, Duke University, MD Anderson, NW Children’s, Medical College of Wisconsin, Washington University, Memorial Sloan-Kettering, University of North Carolina, and Weill Cornell Medical College.