Clinical and biological risk factors for thrombosis in MPN and COVID-19
| MPN . | COVID-19 . |
|---|---|
| Clinical risk factors • Older age • History of thrombosis • CV risk factors | Clinical risk factors • Older age • History of thrombosis • CV risk factor • Comorbidities: moderate/severe asthma, preexisting COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, chronic liver disease • Disease severity and hospitalization: sepsis, pneumonia, immobilization, hypoxia, longer interval from symptoms onset to admission, mechanical ventilation, use of central venous catheters |
| Biological risk factors • JAK2 V617F mutation • Leukocytosis • High hematocrit • Genetic thrombophilia • Increased CRP | Biological risk factors • High D-dimer • Leukocytosis • Increased CRP • Chest CT scoring • Various blood cell count ratios |
| MPN . | COVID-19 . |
|---|---|
| Clinical risk factors • Older age • History of thrombosis • CV risk factors | Clinical risk factors • Older age • History of thrombosis • CV risk factor • Comorbidities: moderate/severe asthma, preexisting COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, chronic liver disease • Disease severity and hospitalization: sepsis, pneumonia, immobilization, hypoxia, longer interval from symptoms onset to admission, mechanical ventilation, use of central venous catheters |
| Biological risk factors • JAK2 V617F mutation • Leukocytosis • High hematocrit • Genetic thrombophilia • Increased CRP | Biological risk factors • High D-dimer • Leukocytosis • Increased CRP • Chest CT scoring • Various blood cell count ratios |
Several clinical and biological risk factors contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis in both MPN and COVID-19. Some of these risk factors are common to both diseases and include aging, history of thrombosis, and CV risk factors (ie, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, obesity, atrial fibrillation, smoking, chronic renal failure). In MPN, clinical risk factors are currently used to stratify patients for thrombosis risk and thromboprophylaxis choice. Disease severity and hospitalization are important risk factors for thrombosis in COVID-19. Several biological risk factors have been proposed for stratifying patients with COVID-19 for thrombotic risk, but none has been validated so far.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; CT, computed tomography.