The unique clinical features differentiating ICUS, CHIP, CCUS, and MDS
| . | ICUS . | CHIP . | CCUS . | MDS . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytopenias | + | − | + | + |
| Somatic mutations | − | + | + | + |
| Morphologic dysplasia | − | − | − | + |
| Increased blasts | − | − | − | ± |
| Risk of transformation to AML | Very low | Very low | Low | Low to very high |
| Suggested management and follow-up* | - CBC with differential, history, and physical annually or semiannually | - Routine health maintenance. - Consider annual CBC with differential - Assess cardiovascular risk | - CBC with differential every 3-6 mo - History and physical annually or semiannually - Repeat bone marrow biopsy if counts worsen - Assess cardiovascular risk | Treatment per stage- specific guidelines |
| . | ICUS . | CHIP . | CCUS . | MDS . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytopenias | + | − | + | + |
| Somatic mutations | − | + | + | + |
| Morphologic dysplasia | − | − | − | + |
| Increased blasts | − | − | − | ± |
| Risk of transformation to AML | Very low | Very low | Low | Low to very high |
| Suggested management and follow-up* | - CBC with differential, history, and physical annually or semiannually | - Routine health maintenance. - Consider annual CBC with differential - Assess cardiovascular risk | - CBC with differential every 3-6 mo - History and physical annually or semiannually - Repeat bone marrow biopsy if counts worsen - Assess cardiovascular risk | Treatment per stage- specific guidelines |
+, present; −, absent.
Evidence-based guidelines for management of CHIP, CCUS, and idiopathic dysplasia of unknown significance are currently lacking. Follow-up should be tailored to each patient's individual risk and needs.