Risk factors associated with CAT development among California cancer patients with 13 common cancers, 2005-2017
HR . | Gender . | Race/Ethnicity . | Year of cancer diagnosis . | Comorbidities (≤2 y prior) . | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
95% CI . | (vs male) . | (vs non-Hispanic White) . | (vs 2005-2007) . | (vs 0 comorbidities) . | ||||||
P value . | ||||||||||
Cancer . | Female . | African American . | Hispanic . | Asian/PI . | 2008-2010 . | 2011-2013 . | 2014-2017 . | NA . | 1-2 . | ≥3 . |
Breast | 0.67 | 1.59 | 0.92 | 0.48 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.35 | 1.45 |
(0.54, 0.83) | (1.48, 1.71) | (0.86, 0.98) | (0.44, 0.53) | (0.98, 1.10) | (0.95, 1.08) | (1.06, 1.22) | (0.96, 1.24) | (1.16, 1.57) | (1.25, 1.68) | |
0.0002 | <.0001 | 0.0084 | <.0001 | 0.2056 | 0.7252 | 0.0005 | 0.1935 | <.0001 | <.0001 | |
Prostate | NA | 1.43 | 0.75 | 0.49 | 1.01 | 1.07 | 1.31 | 0.92 | 1.08 | 1.17 |
(1.33, 1.54) | (0.70, 0.80) | (0.43, 0.55) | (0.95, 1.07) | (0.99, 1.15) | (1.21, 1.42) | (0.82, 1.04) | (0.94, 1.24) | (1.02, 1.35) | ||
<.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.834 | 0.0752 | <.0001 | 0.2021 | 0.2911 | 0.0303 | ||
Lung | 1.06 | 1.27 | 1.05 | 0.78 | 1.17 | 1.24 | 1.37 | 0.95 | 1.01 | 0.87 |
(1.02, 1.10) | (1.19, 1.35) | (0.99, 1.12) | (0.73, 0.82) | (1.11, 1.24) | (1.17, 1.31) | (1.30, 1.44) | (0.87, 1.03) | (0.93, 1.11) | (0.79, 0.94) | |
0.0018 | <.0001 | 0.0954 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.2041 | 0.785 | 0.0011 | |
Colorectal | 1.03 | 1.47 | 0.86 | 0.50 | 1.04 | 1.09 | 1.18 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 1.2 |
(0.98, 1.07) | (1.36, 1.58) | (0.81, 0.92) | (0.46, 0.55) | (0.98, 1.11) | (1.02, 1.17) | (1.10, 1.26) | (0.93, 1.13) | (1.02, 1.26) | (1.08, 1.34) | |
0.2617 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.1998 | 0.0078 | <.0001 | 0.6433 | 0.0244 | 0.0006 | |
NHL | 0.96 | 1.59 | 0.9 | 0.67 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.27 | Stratification | ||
(0.90, 1.03) | (1.41, 1.81) | (0.82, 0.98) | (0.59, 0.76) | (0.94, 1.13) | (0.96, 1.17) | (1.16, 1.40) | ||||
0.2763 | <.0001 | 0.0168 | <.0001 | 0.565 | 0.2495 | <.0001 | ||||
Bladder | 0.89 | 1.69 | 0.96 | 0.6 | 1.11 | 0.98 | 1.13 | 1.1 | 1.08 | 1.06 |
(0.80, 0.98) | (1.44, 1.98) | (0.84, 1.09) | (0.49, 0.73) | (0.99, 1.25) | (0.86, 1.11) | (1.00, 1.28) | (0.91, 1.33) | (0.88, 1.33) | (0.87, 1.31) | |
0.0199 | <.0001 | 0.5116 | <.0001 | 0.0801 | 0.7276 | 0.0471 | 0.3205 | 0.4638 | 0.5527 | |
Uterine | 1.69 | 0.98 | 0.73 | 1.02 | 1.07 | 1.24 | 1.11 | 1.26 | 1.17 | |
NA | (1.52, 1.89) | (0.89, 1.07) | (0.65, 0.82) | (0.92, 1.12) | (0.96, 1.18) | (1.12, 1.37) | (0.95, 1.30) | (1.06, 1.51) | (0.98, 1.40) | |
<.0001 | 0.6484 | <.0001 | 0.7594 | 0.2166 | <.0001 | 0.1985 | 0.0095 | 0.0891 | ||
Kidney | 0.91 | 1.53 | 0.91 | 0.69 | 0.94 | 1.09 | 1.38 | 1.28 | 1.35 | 1.48 |
(0.84, 0.99) | (1.34, 1.76) | (0.83, 1.00) | (0.59, 0.81) | (0.84, 1.05) | (0.98, 1.23) | (1.24, 1.55) | (1.09, 1.50) | (1.14, 1.60) | (1.25, 1.75) | |
0.0223 | <.0001 | 0.0494 | <.0001 | 0.2912 | 0.1238 | <.0001 | 0.003 | 0.0005 | <.0001 | |
Pancreatic | 1.03 | 1.36 | 0.93 | 0.67 | 1.19 | 1.19 | 1.27 | 1.11 | 1.19 | 1.03 |
(0.96, 1.09) | (1.23, 1.51) | (0.85, 1.01) | (0.60, 0.75) | (1.08, 1.31) | (1.08, 1.31) | (1.16, 1.40) | (0.97, 1.28) | (1.03, 1.38) | (0.89, 1.18) | |
0.4141 | <.0001 | 0.0815 | <.0001 | 0.0005 | 0.0005 | <.0001 | 0.1255 | 0.018 | 0.7277 | |
Stomach | 1.05 | 1.39 | 0.88 | 0.56 | 1.1 | 1.14 | 1.22 | 1.23 | 1.19 | 1.17 |
(0.96, 1.15) | (1.19, 1.63) | (0.79, 0.98) | (0.49, 0.65) | (0.96, 1.25) | (0.99, 1.30) | (1.07, 1.39) | (0.99, 1.53) | (0.94, 1.50) | (0.93, 1.48) | |
0.2803 | <.0001 | 0.0189 | <.0001 | 0.1832 | 0.0635 | 0.0037 | 0.0658 | 0.1565 | 0.1741 | |
Ovarian | 1.57 | 1.10 | 0.84 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 1.17 | 1.2 | 1.21 | 1.23 | |
NA | (1.35, 1.83) | (1.00, 1.22) | (0.74, 0.96) | (0.92, 1.15) | (0.98, 1.22) | (1.05, 1.31) | (1.05, 1.37) | (1.06, 1.39) | (1.06, 1.43) | |
<.0001 | 0.0543 | 0.0084 | 0.623 | 0.1216 | 0.0061 | 0.0058 | 0.006 | 0.0057 | ||
Brain | 0.82 | 1.29 | 0.87 | 0.53 | 1.11 | 1.02 | 1.05 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 1.22 |
(0.75, 0.90) | (1.06, 1.58) | (0.78, 0.98) | (0.44, 0.65) | (0.98, 1.25) | (0.89, 1.15) | (0.93, 1.19) | (0.93, 1.24) | (1.06, 1.37) | (1.05, 1.41) | |
<.0001 | 0.0119 | 0.0242 | <.0001 | 0.1077 | 0.8143 | 0.4049 | 0.3131 | 0.0046 | 0.0085 | |
Myeloma | 0.92 | 1.13 | 0.81 | 0.48 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.94 | Stratification | ||
(0.84, 1.01) | (0.98, 1.30) | (0.72, 0.93) | (0.38, 0.59) | (0.82, 1.07) | (0.77, 1.02) | (0.82, 1.08) | ||||
0.085 | 0.0874 | 0.0019 | <.0001 | 0.3369 | 0.09 | 0.3793 |
HR . | Gender . | Race/Ethnicity . | Year of cancer diagnosis . | Comorbidities (≤2 y prior) . | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
95% CI . | (vs male) . | (vs non-Hispanic White) . | (vs 2005-2007) . | (vs 0 comorbidities) . | ||||||
P value . | ||||||||||
Cancer . | Female . | African American . | Hispanic . | Asian/PI . | 2008-2010 . | 2011-2013 . | 2014-2017 . | NA . | 1-2 . | ≥3 . |
Breast | 0.67 | 1.59 | 0.92 | 0.48 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.35 | 1.45 |
(0.54, 0.83) | (1.48, 1.71) | (0.86, 0.98) | (0.44, 0.53) | (0.98, 1.10) | (0.95, 1.08) | (1.06, 1.22) | (0.96, 1.24) | (1.16, 1.57) | (1.25, 1.68) | |
0.0002 | <.0001 | 0.0084 | <.0001 | 0.2056 | 0.7252 | 0.0005 | 0.1935 | <.0001 | <.0001 | |
Prostate | NA | 1.43 | 0.75 | 0.49 | 1.01 | 1.07 | 1.31 | 0.92 | 1.08 | 1.17 |
(1.33, 1.54) | (0.70, 0.80) | (0.43, 0.55) | (0.95, 1.07) | (0.99, 1.15) | (1.21, 1.42) | (0.82, 1.04) | (0.94, 1.24) | (1.02, 1.35) | ||
<.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.834 | 0.0752 | <.0001 | 0.2021 | 0.2911 | 0.0303 | ||
Lung | 1.06 | 1.27 | 1.05 | 0.78 | 1.17 | 1.24 | 1.37 | 0.95 | 1.01 | 0.87 |
(1.02, 1.10) | (1.19, 1.35) | (0.99, 1.12) | (0.73, 0.82) | (1.11, 1.24) | (1.17, 1.31) | (1.30, 1.44) | (0.87, 1.03) | (0.93, 1.11) | (0.79, 0.94) | |
0.0018 | <.0001 | 0.0954 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.2041 | 0.785 | 0.0011 | |
Colorectal | 1.03 | 1.47 | 0.86 | 0.50 | 1.04 | 1.09 | 1.18 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 1.2 |
(0.98, 1.07) | (1.36, 1.58) | (0.81, 0.92) | (0.46, 0.55) | (0.98, 1.11) | (1.02, 1.17) | (1.10, 1.26) | (0.93, 1.13) | (1.02, 1.26) | (1.08, 1.34) | |
0.2617 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.1998 | 0.0078 | <.0001 | 0.6433 | 0.0244 | 0.0006 | |
NHL | 0.96 | 1.59 | 0.9 | 0.67 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.27 | Stratification | ||
(0.90, 1.03) | (1.41, 1.81) | (0.82, 0.98) | (0.59, 0.76) | (0.94, 1.13) | (0.96, 1.17) | (1.16, 1.40) | ||||
0.2763 | <.0001 | 0.0168 | <.0001 | 0.565 | 0.2495 | <.0001 | ||||
Bladder | 0.89 | 1.69 | 0.96 | 0.6 | 1.11 | 0.98 | 1.13 | 1.1 | 1.08 | 1.06 |
(0.80, 0.98) | (1.44, 1.98) | (0.84, 1.09) | (0.49, 0.73) | (0.99, 1.25) | (0.86, 1.11) | (1.00, 1.28) | (0.91, 1.33) | (0.88, 1.33) | (0.87, 1.31) | |
0.0199 | <.0001 | 0.5116 | <.0001 | 0.0801 | 0.7276 | 0.0471 | 0.3205 | 0.4638 | 0.5527 | |
Uterine | 1.69 | 0.98 | 0.73 | 1.02 | 1.07 | 1.24 | 1.11 | 1.26 | 1.17 | |
NA | (1.52, 1.89) | (0.89, 1.07) | (0.65, 0.82) | (0.92, 1.12) | (0.96, 1.18) | (1.12, 1.37) | (0.95, 1.30) | (1.06, 1.51) | (0.98, 1.40) | |
<.0001 | 0.6484 | <.0001 | 0.7594 | 0.2166 | <.0001 | 0.1985 | 0.0095 | 0.0891 | ||
Kidney | 0.91 | 1.53 | 0.91 | 0.69 | 0.94 | 1.09 | 1.38 | 1.28 | 1.35 | 1.48 |
(0.84, 0.99) | (1.34, 1.76) | (0.83, 1.00) | (0.59, 0.81) | (0.84, 1.05) | (0.98, 1.23) | (1.24, 1.55) | (1.09, 1.50) | (1.14, 1.60) | (1.25, 1.75) | |
0.0223 | <.0001 | 0.0494 | <.0001 | 0.2912 | 0.1238 | <.0001 | 0.003 | 0.0005 | <.0001 | |
Pancreatic | 1.03 | 1.36 | 0.93 | 0.67 | 1.19 | 1.19 | 1.27 | 1.11 | 1.19 | 1.03 |
(0.96, 1.09) | (1.23, 1.51) | (0.85, 1.01) | (0.60, 0.75) | (1.08, 1.31) | (1.08, 1.31) | (1.16, 1.40) | (0.97, 1.28) | (1.03, 1.38) | (0.89, 1.18) | |
0.4141 | <.0001 | 0.0815 | <.0001 | 0.0005 | 0.0005 | <.0001 | 0.1255 | 0.018 | 0.7277 | |
Stomach | 1.05 | 1.39 | 0.88 | 0.56 | 1.1 | 1.14 | 1.22 | 1.23 | 1.19 | 1.17 |
(0.96, 1.15) | (1.19, 1.63) | (0.79, 0.98) | (0.49, 0.65) | (0.96, 1.25) | (0.99, 1.30) | (1.07, 1.39) | (0.99, 1.53) | (0.94, 1.50) | (0.93, 1.48) | |
0.2803 | <.0001 | 0.0189 | <.0001 | 0.1832 | 0.0635 | 0.0037 | 0.0658 | 0.1565 | 0.1741 | |
Ovarian | 1.57 | 1.10 | 0.84 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 1.17 | 1.2 | 1.21 | 1.23 | |
NA | (1.35, 1.83) | (1.00, 1.22) | (0.74, 0.96) | (0.92, 1.15) | (0.98, 1.22) | (1.05, 1.31) | (1.05, 1.37) | (1.06, 1.39) | (1.06, 1.43) | |
<.0001 | 0.0543 | 0.0084 | 0.623 | 0.1216 | 0.0061 | 0.0058 | 0.006 | 0.0057 | ||
Brain | 0.82 | 1.29 | 0.87 | 0.53 | 1.11 | 1.02 | 1.05 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 1.22 |
(0.75, 0.90) | (1.06, 1.58) | (0.78, 0.98) | (0.44, 0.65) | (0.98, 1.25) | (0.89, 1.15) | (0.93, 1.19) | (0.93, 1.24) | (1.06, 1.37) | (1.05, 1.41) | |
<.0001 | 0.0119 | 0.0242 | <.0001 | 0.1077 | 0.8143 | 0.4049 | 0.3131 | 0.0046 | 0.0085 | |
Myeloma | 0.92 | 1.13 | 0.81 | 0.48 | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.94 | Stratification | ||
(0.84, 1.01) | (0.98, 1.30) | (0.72, 0.93) | (0.38, 0.59) | (0.82, 1.07) | (0.77, 1.02) | (0.82, 1.08) | ||||
0.085 | 0.0874 | 0.0019 | <.0001 | 0.3369 | 0.09 | 0.3793 |
Models are stratified by cancer site and adjusted for the competing risk of death using Fine and Gray methodologies.
Models are additionally adjusted for age at cancer diagnosis, stage at cancer diagnosis, initial course of treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery), neighborhood socioeconomic status, and health insurance at diagnosis or initial treatment. Variables that violated proportional hazard assumption were included as a stratification variable.
PI, Pacific Islander.