Outcome of vaccinated patients with HM who developed COVID-19
| . | Alive . | Deceased . | P value . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n . | % . | n . | . | % . | |
| Outcome at 30 d after COVID-19 diagnosis | |||||
| Alive | 1405 | 90.8 | |||
| Deceased | 143 | 9.2 | |||
| Reason for death | |||||
| COVID-19 | 97 | 67.8 | |||
| COVID-19 + HM | 39 | 27.2 | |||
| HM ± other reasons | 7 | 4.8 | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 591 | 89.4 | 70 | 10.6 | ns |
| Male | 814 | 91.8 | 73 | 8.2 | |
| Age | |||||
| 18-25 y | 46 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | <.001 |
| 26-50 y | 250 | 98.0 | 5 | 2.0 | |
| 51-69 y | 585 | 94.2 | 36 | 5.8 | |
| >70 y | 524 | 83.7 | 102 | 16.3 | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| No comorbidities | 581 | 95.6 | 27 | 4.4 | <.001 |
| 1 comorbidity | 471 | 91.5 | 44 | 8.5 | |
| 2 comorbidities | 223 | 84.8 | 40 | 15.2 | |
| ≥3 comorbidities | 130 | 80.2 | 32 | 19.8 | |
| Smoker or ex-smoker | 158 | 87.8 | 22 | 12.2 | |
| Malignancies | |||||
| Lymphoid malignancies | 1070 | 92.8 | 111 | 7.2 | ns |
| Acute lymphoid leukemia | 62 | 96.9 | 2 | 3.1 | |
| Chronic lymphoid leukemia | 186 | 88.2 | 25 | 11.8 | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 63 | 96.9 | 2 | 3.1 | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 497 | 90.5 | 52 | 9.5 | |
| Low grade | 261 | 90.3 | 28 | 9.7 | |
| High grade | 236 | 90.8 | 24 | 9.2 | |
| Multiple myeloma | 246 | 89.5 | 29 | 10.5 | |
| Amyloid light-chain amyloidosis | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Hairy cell leukemia | 6 | 85.7 | 1 | 14.3 | |
| Myeloid malignancies | 324 | 91.0 | 32 | 9.0 | |
| Acute myeloid leukemia | 127 | 90.7 | 13 | 9.3 | |
| Chronic myeloid leukemia | 43 | 97.7 | 1 | 2.3 | |
| Essential thrombocythemia | 18 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Myelodysplastic syndromes | 81 | 87.1 | 12 | 12.9 | |
| Low-intermediate risk | 63 | 91.3 | 6 | 8.7 | |
| High risk | 18 | 78.3 | 5 | 21.7 | |
| Myelofibrosis | 34 | 87.2 | 5 | 12.8 | |
| Polycythemia vera | 15 | 93.8 | 1 | 6.3 | |
| Systemic mastocytosis | 6 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Aplastic anemia | 11 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Malignancy status | |||||
| Controlled disease | 768 | 93.5 | 53 | 6.5 | <.001 |
| Complete remission | 505 | 96.4 | 19 | 3.6 | |
| Partial remission | 263 | 88.6 | 34 | 11.4 | |
| Stable disease | 294 | 91.3 | 28 | 8.7 | |
| Active disease | 307 | 96.3 | 58 | 3.7 | |
| Onset | 165 | 89.2 | 20 | 10.8 | |
| Refractory/resistant | 142 | 78.9 | 38 | 21.1 | |
| Unknown | 36 | 90.0 | 4 | 10.0 | |
| Last malignancy treatment before COVID-19 | |||||
| Allo-HSCT | 72 | 94.8 | 4 | 5.2 | ns |
| Auto-HSCT | 16 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| CAR-T | 6 | 75.0 | 2 | 25.0 | |
| Conventional chemotherapy | 215 | 90.6 | 91.9 | 8.1 | |
| Demethylating agents | 73 | 90.5 | 7 | 9.5 | |
| Immuno-chemotherapy | 512 | 91.2 | 50 | 8.8 | |
| Immunotherapy | 78 | 87.6 | 11 | 12.3 | |
| Targeted therapy | 279 | 89.8 | 32 | 10.2 | |
| Supportive measures | 28 | 77.8 | 8 | 22.2 | |
| No treatment | 126 | 92.6 | 10 | 7.4 | |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before COVID-19∗ | |||||
| 1 dose | 115 | 89.1 | 14 | 10.9 | ns |
| 2 doses | 689 | 89.5 | 81 | 10.5 | |
| 3 doses | 591 | 91.9 | 48 | 8.1 | |
| 4 doses | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Type of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine | |||||
| mRNA | 1250 | 90.8 | 127 | 9.2 | ns |
| BioNTech/Pfizer | 1011 | 90.2 | 110 | 9.8 | |
| Moderna COVE | 239 | 93.4 | 17 | 6.6 | |
| Vector-based | 123 | 92.5 | 10 | 7.5 | |
| AstraZeneca Oxford | 91 | 91.9 | 8 | 8.1 | |
| Sputnik | 13 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| J&J (Janssen) | 19 | 90.5 | 2 | 9.5 | |
| Inactivated | 32 | 84.3 | 6 | 15.7 | |
| CoronaVac/Sinovac | 18 | 85.7 | 3 | 14.3 | |
| Sinopharm | 14 | 82.4 | 3 | 17.6 | |
| Spike protein dosage after vaccination† | |||||
| No response | 118 | 87.4 | 17 | 12.6 | ns |
| Weak response | 31 | 91.2 | 3 | 8.8 | |
| Optimal response | 71 | 94.7 | 4 | 5.3 | |
| Not tested | 1185 | 90.9 | 119 | 9.1 | |
| COVID-19 variant | |||||
| Wild type | 36 | 90.0 | 4 | 10.0 | ns |
| Alpha | 30 | 88.2 | 4 | 11.8 | |
| Beta | 1 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Delta | 141 | 87.6 | 20 | 12.4 | |
| Omicron | 476 | 92.1 | 41 | 7.9 | |
| Not tested | 721 | 90.7 | 74 | 9.3 | |
| COVID treatment | |||||
| No specific treatment reported | 618 | 96.3 | 24 | 3.7 | <.001 |
| Antivirals + monoclonal antibodies | 98 | 90.7 | 10 | 9.3 | |
| Antivirals | 186 | 85.3 | 32 | 14.7 | |
| Corticosteroids | 185 | 75.2 | 61 | 24.8 | |
| Monoclonal antibodies | 302 | 97.1 | 9 | 2.9 | |
| Plasma | 16 | 69.6 | 7 | 30.4 | |
| COVID-19 infection | |||||
| Asymptomatic | 270 | 95.5 | 13 | 4.5 | .002 |
| Mild infection | 581 | 96.1 | 23 | 3.9 | |
| Severe infection | 456 | 89.6 | 53 | 10.4 | |
| Critical infection | 98 | 64.5 | 54 | 35.5 | |
| COVID-19 symptoms | |||||
| Pulmonary | 473 | 89.6 | 55 | 10.4 | .002 |
| Pulmonary + extrapulmonary | 349 | 87.3 | 51 | 12.8 | |
| Extrapulmonary | 297 | 94.6 | 17 | 5.4 | |
| Asymptomatic | 286 | 93.5 | 20 | 6.5 | |
| . | Alive . | Deceased . | P value . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n . | % . | n . | . | % . | |
| Outcome at 30 d after COVID-19 diagnosis | |||||
| Alive | 1405 | 90.8 | |||
| Deceased | 143 | 9.2 | |||
| Reason for death | |||||
| COVID-19 | 97 | 67.8 | |||
| COVID-19 + HM | 39 | 27.2 | |||
| HM ± other reasons | 7 | 4.8 | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 591 | 89.4 | 70 | 10.6 | ns |
| Male | 814 | 91.8 | 73 | 8.2 | |
| Age | |||||
| 18-25 y | 46 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | <.001 |
| 26-50 y | 250 | 98.0 | 5 | 2.0 | |
| 51-69 y | 585 | 94.2 | 36 | 5.8 | |
| >70 y | 524 | 83.7 | 102 | 16.3 | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| No comorbidities | 581 | 95.6 | 27 | 4.4 | <.001 |
| 1 comorbidity | 471 | 91.5 | 44 | 8.5 | |
| 2 comorbidities | 223 | 84.8 | 40 | 15.2 | |
| ≥3 comorbidities | 130 | 80.2 | 32 | 19.8 | |
| Smoker or ex-smoker | 158 | 87.8 | 22 | 12.2 | |
| Malignancies | |||||
| Lymphoid malignancies | 1070 | 92.8 | 111 | 7.2 | ns |
| Acute lymphoid leukemia | 62 | 96.9 | 2 | 3.1 | |
| Chronic lymphoid leukemia | 186 | 88.2 | 25 | 11.8 | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 63 | 96.9 | 2 | 3.1 | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 497 | 90.5 | 52 | 9.5 | |
| Low grade | 261 | 90.3 | 28 | 9.7 | |
| High grade | 236 | 90.8 | 24 | 9.2 | |
| Multiple myeloma | 246 | 89.5 | 29 | 10.5 | |
| Amyloid light-chain amyloidosis | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Hairy cell leukemia | 6 | 85.7 | 1 | 14.3 | |
| Myeloid malignancies | 324 | 91.0 | 32 | 9.0 | |
| Acute myeloid leukemia | 127 | 90.7 | 13 | 9.3 | |
| Chronic myeloid leukemia | 43 | 97.7 | 1 | 2.3 | |
| Essential thrombocythemia | 18 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Myelodysplastic syndromes | 81 | 87.1 | 12 | 12.9 | |
| Low-intermediate risk | 63 | 91.3 | 6 | 8.7 | |
| High risk | 18 | 78.3 | 5 | 21.7 | |
| Myelofibrosis | 34 | 87.2 | 5 | 12.8 | |
| Polycythemia vera | 15 | 93.8 | 1 | 6.3 | |
| Systemic mastocytosis | 6 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Aplastic anemia | 11 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Malignancy status | |||||
| Controlled disease | 768 | 93.5 | 53 | 6.5 | <.001 |
| Complete remission | 505 | 96.4 | 19 | 3.6 | |
| Partial remission | 263 | 88.6 | 34 | 11.4 | |
| Stable disease | 294 | 91.3 | 28 | 8.7 | |
| Active disease | 307 | 96.3 | 58 | 3.7 | |
| Onset | 165 | 89.2 | 20 | 10.8 | |
| Refractory/resistant | 142 | 78.9 | 38 | 21.1 | |
| Unknown | 36 | 90.0 | 4 | 10.0 | |
| Last malignancy treatment before COVID-19 | |||||
| Allo-HSCT | 72 | 94.8 | 4 | 5.2 | ns |
| Auto-HSCT | 16 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| CAR-T | 6 | 75.0 | 2 | 25.0 | |
| Conventional chemotherapy | 215 | 90.6 | 91.9 | 8.1 | |
| Demethylating agents | 73 | 90.5 | 7 | 9.5 | |
| Immuno-chemotherapy | 512 | 91.2 | 50 | 8.8 | |
| Immunotherapy | 78 | 87.6 | 11 | 12.3 | |
| Targeted therapy | 279 | 89.8 | 32 | 10.2 | |
| Supportive measures | 28 | 77.8 | 8 | 22.2 | |
| No treatment | 126 | 92.6 | 10 | 7.4 | |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before COVID-19∗ | |||||
| 1 dose | 115 | 89.1 | 14 | 10.9 | ns |
| 2 doses | 689 | 89.5 | 81 | 10.5 | |
| 3 doses | 591 | 91.9 | 48 | 8.1 | |
| 4 doses | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Type of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine | |||||
| mRNA | 1250 | 90.8 | 127 | 9.2 | ns |
| BioNTech/Pfizer | 1011 | 90.2 | 110 | 9.8 | |
| Moderna COVE | 239 | 93.4 | 17 | 6.6 | |
| Vector-based | 123 | 92.5 | 10 | 7.5 | |
| AstraZeneca Oxford | 91 | 91.9 | 8 | 8.1 | |
| Sputnik | 13 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| J&J (Janssen) | 19 | 90.5 | 2 | 9.5 | |
| Inactivated | 32 | 84.3 | 6 | 15.7 | |
| CoronaVac/Sinovac | 18 | 85.7 | 3 | 14.3 | |
| Sinopharm | 14 | 82.4 | 3 | 17.6 | |
| Spike protein dosage after vaccination† | |||||
| No response | 118 | 87.4 | 17 | 12.6 | ns |
| Weak response | 31 | 91.2 | 3 | 8.8 | |
| Optimal response | 71 | 94.7 | 4 | 5.3 | |
| Not tested | 1185 | 90.9 | 119 | 9.1 | |
| COVID-19 variant | |||||
| Wild type | 36 | 90.0 | 4 | 10.0 | ns |
| Alpha | 30 | 88.2 | 4 | 11.8 | |
| Beta | 1 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Delta | 141 | 87.6 | 20 | 12.4 | |
| Omicron | 476 | 92.1 | 41 | 7.9 | |
| Not tested | 721 | 90.7 | 74 | 9.3 | |
| COVID treatment | |||||
| No specific treatment reported | 618 | 96.3 | 24 | 3.7 | <.001 |
| Antivirals + monoclonal antibodies | 98 | 90.7 | 10 | 9.3 | |
| Antivirals | 186 | 85.3 | 32 | 14.7 | |
| Corticosteroids | 185 | 75.2 | 61 | 24.8 | |
| Monoclonal antibodies | 302 | 97.1 | 9 | 2.9 | |
| Plasma | 16 | 69.6 | 7 | 30.4 | |
| COVID-19 infection | |||||
| Asymptomatic | 270 | 95.5 | 13 | 4.5 | .002 |
| Mild infection | 581 | 96.1 | 23 | 3.9 | |
| Severe infection | 456 | 89.6 | 53 | 10.4 | |
| Critical infection | 98 | 64.5 | 54 | 35.5 | |
| COVID-19 symptoms | |||||
| Pulmonary | 473 | 89.6 | 55 | 10.4 | .002 |
| Pulmonary + extrapulmonary | 349 | 87.3 | 51 | 12.8 | |
| Extrapulmonary | 297 | 94.6 | 17 | 5.4 | |
| Asymptomatic | 286 | 93.5 | 20 | 6.5 | |
CAR-T, chimeric antigen receptor T cells; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; ns, not statistically significant.
1 to 2 doses vs 3 to 4 doses; P = .040.
Referring to the World Health Organization international standards, binding antibody units per milliliter (https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/standardization-of-vaccines-for-coronavirusdisease-covid-19).