Prenatal ultrasound abnormalities and postnatal anatomic findings. Data reflect numbers from patients for whom detailed data were available
| . | Group 1: prenatal diagnosis, alive . | Group 2: prenatal diagnosis, perinatal demise . | Group 3: postnatal diagnosis, alive . | Group 4: medical abortion . | Total . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prenatal | |||||
| Cases with available data/total in group | 14/14 (100%) | 5/5 (100%) | 8/11 (73%) | 25/30 (83%) | 52/60 (87%) |
| Cardiomegaly | 11/14 (71%) | 4/5 (80%) | 5/8 (63% | 11/25 (44%) | 31/52 (60%) |
| Amniotic fluid abnormalities | 6/14 (43%) | 1/5 (20%) | 4/8 (50%) | 5/25 (20%) | 19/52 (37%) |
| Echogenic bowel | 8/14 (57%) | 1/5 (20%) | 2/8 (25%) | 8/25 (32%) | 19/52 (37%) |
| Ambiguous genitalia (males) | 1/4 (25%) | 1/3 (33%) | 1/4 (25%) | 2/6 (33%) | 5/17 (29%) |
| Cardiac abnormalities | 0/14 (0%) | 0/5 (0%) | 0/8 (0%) | 2/25 (8%) | 2/52 (4%) |
| Total with hydrops | 12/14 (86%) | 5/5 (100%) | 8/8 (100%) | 21/25 (84%) | 46/52 (88%) |
| Hydrops∗ (nonspecific) | 1/12 (8%) | 1/5 (20%) | 3/8 (36%) | 6/21 (29%) | 11/46 (24%) |
| Single effusion | 3/11 (27%) | 0/4 (0%) | 2/5 (40%) | 6/15 (40%) | 11/35 (31%) |
| ≥2 effusions | 8/11 (73%) | 4/4 (100%) | 3/5 (60%) | 9/15 (60%) | 24/35 (69%) |
| Pericardial effusion | 10/11 (91%) | 4/4 (100%) | 4/5 (80%) | 14/15 (93%) | 32/35 (91%) |
| Ascites | 7/11 (64%) | 3/4 (75%) | 4/5 (80%) | 12/15 (80% | 26/35 (74%) |
| Pleural effusion | 2/11 (18%) | 3/4 (75%) | 0/5 (0%) | 6/15 (40%) | 11/35 (31%) |
| Skin edema | 3/11 (27%) | 3/4 (75%) | 0/5 (0%) | 5/15 (33%) | 11/35 (31%) |
| Postnatal | |||||
| Hypospadias (males) | 4/4 (100%) | 1/3 (33%) | 4/7 (57%) | 9/14 (64%) | |
| Cardiac abnormalities | 5/14 (36%) | 0 | 6/11 (55%) | 11/25 (44%) | |
| short stature | 5/9 (55% | n/a | 4/10 (40%) | 9/19 (47%) |
| . | Group 1: prenatal diagnosis, alive . | Group 2: prenatal diagnosis, perinatal demise . | Group 3: postnatal diagnosis, alive . | Group 4: medical abortion . | Total . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prenatal | |||||
| Cases with available data/total in group | 14/14 (100%) | 5/5 (100%) | 8/11 (73%) | 25/30 (83%) | 52/60 (87%) |
| Cardiomegaly | 11/14 (71%) | 4/5 (80%) | 5/8 (63% | 11/25 (44%) | 31/52 (60%) |
| Amniotic fluid abnormalities | 6/14 (43%) | 1/5 (20%) | 4/8 (50%) | 5/25 (20%) | 19/52 (37%) |
| Echogenic bowel | 8/14 (57%) | 1/5 (20%) | 2/8 (25%) | 8/25 (32%) | 19/52 (37%) |
| Ambiguous genitalia (males) | 1/4 (25%) | 1/3 (33%) | 1/4 (25%) | 2/6 (33%) | 5/17 (29%) |
| Cardiac abnormalities | 0/14 (0%) | 0/5 (0%) | 0/8 (0%) | 2/25 (8%) | 2/52 (4%) |
| Total with hydrops | 12/14 (86%) | 5/5 (100%) | 8/8 (100%) | 21/25 (84%) | 46/52 (88%) |
| Hydrops∗ (nonspecific) | 1/12 (8%) | 1/5 (20%) | 3/8 (36%) | 6/21 (29%) | 11/46 (24%) |
| Single effusion | 3/11 (27%) | 0/4 (0%) | 2/5 (40%) | 6/15 (40%) | 11/35 (31%) |
| ≥2 effusions | 8/11 (73%) | 4/4 (100%) | 3/5 (60%) | 9/15 (60%) | 24/35 (69%) |
| Pericardial effusion | 10/11 (91%) | 4/4 (100%) | 4/5 (80%) | 14/15 (93%) | 32/35 (91%) |
| Ascites | 7/11 (64%) | 3/4 (75%) | 4/5 (80%) | 12/15 (80% | 26/35 (74%) |
| Pleural effusion | 2/11 (18%) | 3/4 (75%) | 0/5 (0%) | 6/15 (40%) | 11/35 (31%) |
| Skin edema | 3/11 (27%) | 3/4 (75%) | 0/5 (0%) | 5/15 (33%) | 11/35 (31%) |
| Postnatal | |||||
| Hypospadias (males) | 4/4 (100%) | 1/3 (33%) | 4/7 (57%) | 9/14 (64%) | |
| Cardiac abnormalities | 5/14 (36%) | 0 | 6/11 (55%) | 11/25 (44%) | |
| short stature | 5/9 (55% | n/a | 4/10 (40%) | 9/19 (47%) |
∗Patients with reported hydrops and no further specific data available were classified as hydrops (nonspecific) and not included in the analysis of number and frequency of specific effusions.