Baseline characteristics of 98 female patients of reproductive age with VTE
| Patient characteristic . | Value . |
|---|---|
| Mean age ± SD, y | 34 ± 9.4 |
| Mean BMI ± SD, kg/m2∗ | 27 ± 6.8 |
| Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 25 (26%) |
| Index VTE diagnosis | |
| DVT | 33 (34%) |
| PE | 45 (46%) |
| Both DVT and PE | 20 (20%) |
| Unprovoked | 33 (34%) |
| Provoked† | 65 (66%) |
| Surgery | 9 |
| Immobilization, including hospitalization | 10 |
| Trauma | 4 |
| Travel (≥6 h), flight | 6 |
| Oral contraceptive use or hormone treatment | 40 |
| Known genetic thrombophilia | 2 |
| Hypercoagulability of other cause (COVID-19, CMV infection, nephrotic syndrome) | 3 |
| Treatment initiated at time of VTE diagnosis | |
| Reperfusion therapy | 2 (2.0%) |
| Anticoagulant therapy | 98 (100%) |
| DOAC | 85 (87%) |
| Apixaban | 26 (27%) |
| Rivaroxaban | 42 (43%) |
| Edoxaban | 10 (10%) |
| Dabigatran | 7 (7.1%) |
| Vitamin K antagonist (LMWH lead-in) | 12 (12%) |
| LMWH | 1 (1.0%) |
| Anticoagulant therapy at 2-mo follow-up | |
| DOAC | 85 (87%) |
| Apixaban | 24 (25%) |
| Rivaroxaban | 41 (42%) |
| Edoxaban | 13 (13%) |
| Dabigatran | 7 (7.1%) |
| Vitamin K antagonist | 11 (11%) |
| LMWH | 1 (1.0%) |
| Fondaparinux | 1 (1.0%) |
| Anticoagulant therapy at end of follow-up | |
| DOAC | 83 (85%) |
| Apixaban | 21 (21%) |
| Rivaroxaban | 42 (43%) |
| Edoxaban | 13 (13%) |
| Dabigatran | 7 (7.1%) |
| Vitamin K antagonist | 11 (11%) |
| LMWH | 3 (3.1%) |
| Fondaparinux | 1 (1.0%) |
| Medical history | |
| Previous VTE | 15 (15%) |
| Active malignancy | 0 |
| Smoking | 24 (25%) |
| Previous gynecological findings‡ | 22 (22%) |
| Abnormal cervical cytology or histology | 2 |
| Endometriosis | 4 |
| Ovarian cyst | 3 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 7 |
| Uterine fibroid(s)/myoma(s), or polyp(s) | 7 |
| Medication use at the moment of VTE diagnosis | |
| Anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy | 0 |
| Oral contraceptives (estrogenic) | 32 (33%) |
| Other hormonal contraceptives | 9 (9.2%) |
| NuvaRing | 6 |
| Implanon | 1 |
| Evra patch | 2 |
| Intrauterine device | 6 (6.1%) |
| Hormone-containing | 5 |
| Copper | 1 |
| Patient characteristic . | Value . |
|---|---|
| Mean age ± SD, y | 34 ± 9.4 |
| Mean BMI ± SD, kg/m2∗ | 27 ± 6.8 |
| Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 25 (26%) |
| Index VTE diagnosis | |
| DVT | 33 (34%) |
| PE | 45 (46%) |
| Both DVT and PE | 20 (20%) |
| Unprovoked | 33 (34%) |
| Provoked† | 65 (66%) |
| Surgery | 9 |
| Immobilization, including hospitalization | 10 |
| Trauma | 4 |
| Travel (≥6 h), flight | 6 |
| Oral contraceptive use or hormone treatment | 40 |
| Known genetic thrombophilia | 2 |
| Hypercoagulability of other cause (COVID-19, CMV infection, nephrotic syndrome) | 3 |
| Treatment initiated at time of VTE diagnosis | |
| Reperfusion therapy | 2 (2.0%) |
| Anticoagulant therapy | 98 (100%) |
| DOAC | 85 (87%) |
| Apixaban | 26 (27%) |
| Rivaroxaban | 42 (43%) |
| Edoxaban | 10 (10%) |
| Dabigatran | 7 (7.1%) |
| Vitamin K antagonist (LMWH lead-in) | 12 (12%) |
| LMWH | 1 (1.0%) |
| Anticoagulant therapy at 2-mo follow-up | |
| DOAC | 85 (87%) |
| Apixaban | 24 (25%) |
| Rivaroxaban | 41 (42%) |
| Edoxaban | 13 (13%) |
| Dabigatran | 7 (7.1%) |
| Vitamin K antagonist | 11 (11%) |
| LMWH | 1 (1.0%) |
| Fondaparinux | 1 (1.0%) |
| Anticoagulant therapy at end of follow-up | |
| DOAC | 83 (85%) |
| Apixaban | 21 (21%) |
| Rivaroxaban | 42 (43%) |
| Edoxaban | 13 (13%) |
| Dabigatran | 7 (7.1%) |
| Vitamin K antagonist | 11 (11%) |
| LMWH | 3 (3.1%) |
| Fondaparinux | 1 (1.0%) |
| Medical history | |
| Previous VTE | 15 (15%) |
| Active malignancy | 0 |
| Smoking | 24 (25%) |
| Previous gynecological findings‡ | 22 (22%) |
| Abnormal cervical cytology or histology | 2 |
| Endometriosis | 4 |
| Ovarian cyst | 3 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 7 |
| Uterine fibroid(s)/myoma(s), or polyp(s) | 7 |
| Medication use at the moment of VTE diagnosis | |
| Anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy | 0 |
| Oral contraceptives (estrogenic) | 32 (33%) |
| Other hormonal contraceptives | 9 (9.2%) |
| NuvaRing | 6 |
| Implanon | 1 |
| Evra patch | 2 |
| Intrauterine device | 6 (6.1%) |
| Hormone-containing | 5 |
| Copper | 1 |
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism; CMV, cytomegalovirus; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin.
Data available in 95 patients.
Provocative factors were not mutually exclusive. Fifteen of 98 women had more than one provocative factor: 13 women with 2 provocative factors each and 2 with 3 provocative factors each. In 12 women, VTE was provoked by the combination of oral contraceptive use/hormone treatment and another provocative factor.
Previous gynecological findings were not mutually exclusive. One woman had 2 gynecological findings (endometriosis and ovarian cyst).