Baseline characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic . | Overall, N = 148 . | BL, N = 65 . | DLBCL, N = 37 . | HL, N = 46 . | P value∗ . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment center, no. (%) | < .001 | ||||
| Rural Uganda | 39 (26) | 30 (46) | 4 (11) | 5 (11) | |
| Tanzania | 109 (74) | 35 (54) | 33 (89) | 41 (89) | |
| Age in y, median (IQR) | 12 (9-18) | 11 (7-14) | 15 (10-19) | 16 (9-20) | .003 |
| Sex, no. (%) | .10 | ||||
| Female | 48 (32) | 15 (23) | 15 (41) | 18 (39) | |
| Male | 100 (68) | 50 (77) | 22 (59) | 28 (61) | |
| Distance (region) from the cancer center, no. (%) | .11 | ||||
| Far | 68 of 144 (47) | 36/63 (57) | 15/37 (41) | 17/44 (39) | |
| Near | 76 of 144 (53) | 27/63 (43) | 22/37 (59) | 27/44 (61) | |
| A prior visit to the local healer, no. (%) | 85 (57) | 37 (57) | 21 (57) | 27 (59) | > .9 |
| HIV-positive, no. (%) | 7 of 111 (6.3) | 3/51 (5.9) | 4/27 (15) | 0/33 (0) | .053 |
| B-symptoms, no. (%) | 128 of 145 (88) | 56/64 (88) | 32/36 (89) | 40/45 (89) | > .9 |
| LDH levels (IU/L), median (IQR) | 700 (396-1156) | 960 (678-1587) | 613 (387-1436) | 549 (336-700) | < .001 |
| Cytopenias, no. (%) | 110 of 129 (85) | 50 of 60 (83) | 25 of 32 (78) | 35 of 37 (95) | .11 |
| Peripheral LAD, no. (%) | 101 of 143 (71) | 36 of 60 (60) | 23 of 37 (62) | 42 of 46 (91) | < .001 |
| Jaw mass, no. (%) | 48 of 147 (33) | 32 of 64 (50) | 10 of 37 (27) | 6 of 46 (13) | < .001 |
| Mediastinal mass, no. (%) | 24 of 105 (23) | 3 of 43 (7.0) | 6 of 24 (25) | 15 of 38 (39) | .002 |
| Abdominal mass, no. (%) | 65 of 123 (53) | 31 of 53 (58) | 10 of 29 (34) | 24 of 41 (59) | .077 |
| Site of biopsy, no. (%) | < .001 | ||||
| Abdomen | 40 of 138 (29) | 26 of 62 (42) | 14 of 34 (41) | 0 of 42 (0) | |
| Peripheral node | 90 of 138 (65) | 32 of 62 (52) | 17 of 34 (50) | 41 of 42 (98) | |
| Other deeper tissue regions | 8 of 138 (5.8) | 4 of 62 (6.5) | 3 of 34 (8.8) | 1 of 42 (2.4) | |
| Clinical stage, no. (%) | .4 | ||||
| Stage I/II | 44 of 145 (30) | 23 of 63 (37) | 11 of 36 (31) | 10 of 46 (22) | |
| Stage III | 65 of 145 (45) | 24 of 63 (38) | 15 of 36 (42) | 26 of 46 (57) | |
| Stage IV | 36 of 145 (25) | 16 of 63 (25) | 10 of 36 (28) | 10 of 46 (22) | |
| Change in initial morphology-only diagnosis after IHC, no. (%) | 24 of 116 (20.7) | 12 of 53 (22.6) | 8 of 28 (28.6) | 4 of 35 (11.4) | .222 |
| Characteristic . | Overall, N = 148 . | BL, N = 65 . | DLBCL, N = 37 . | HL, N = 46 . | P value∗ . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment center, no. (%) | < .001 | ||||
| Rural Uganda | 39 (26) | 30 (46) | 4 (11) | 5 (11) | |
| Tanzania | 109 (74) | 35 (54) | 33 (89) | 41 (89) | |
| Age in y, median (IQR) | 12 (9-18) | 11 (7-14) | 15 (10-19) | 16 (9-20) | .003 |
| Sex, no. (%) | .10 | ||||
| Female | 48 (32) | 15 (23) | 15 (41) | 18 (39) | |
| Male | 100 (68) | 50 (77) | 22 (59) | 28 (61) | |
| Distance (region) from the cancer center, no. (%) | .11 | ||||
| Far | 68 of 144 (47) | 36/63 (57) | 15/37 (41) | 17/44 (39) | |
| Near | 76 of 144 (53) | 27/63 (43) | 22/37 (59) | 27/44 (61) | |
| A prior visit to the local healer, no. (%) | 85 (57) | 37 (57) | 21 (57) | 27 (59) | > .9 |
| HIV-positive, no. (%) | 7 of 111 (6.3) | 3/51 (5.9) | 4/27 (15) | 0/33 (0) | .053 |
| B-symptoms, no. (%) | 128 of 145 (88) | 56/64 (88) | 32/36 (89) | 40/45 (89) | > .9 |
| LDH levels (IU/L), median (IQR) | 700 (396-1156) | 960 (678-1587) | 613 (387-1436) | 549 (336-700) | < .001 |
| Cytopenias, no. (%) | 110 of 129 (85) | 50 of 60 (83) | 25 of 32 (78) | 35 of 37 (95) | .11 |
| Peripheral LAD, no. (%) | 101 of 143 (71) | 36 of 60 (60) | 23 of 37 (62) | 42 of 46 (91) | < .001 |
| Jaw mass, no. (%) | 48 of 147 (33) | 32 of 64 (50) | 10 of 37 (27) | 6 of 46 (13) | < .001 |
| Mediastinal mass, no. (%) | 24 of 105 (23) | 3 of 43 (7.0) | 6 of 24 (25) | 15 of 38 (39) | .002 |
| Abdominal mass, no. (%) | 65 of 123 (53) | 31 of 53 (58) | 10 of 29 (34) | 24 of 41 (59) | .077 |
| Site of biopsy, no. (%) | < .001 | ||||
| Abdomen | 40 of 138 (29) | 26 of 62 (42) | 14 of 34 (41) | 0 of 42 (0) | |
| Peripheral node | 90 of 138 (65) | 32 of 62 (52) | 17 of 34 (50) | 41 of 42 (98) | |
| Other deeper tissue regions | 8 of 138 (5.8) | 4 of 62 (6.5) | 3 of 34 (8.8) | 1 of 42 (2.4) | |
| Clinical stage, no. (%) | .4 | ||||
| Stage I/II | 44 of 145 (30) | 23 of 63 (37) | 11 of 36 (31) | 10 of 46 (22) | |
| Stage III | 65 of 145 (45) | 24 of 63 (38) | 15 of 36 (42) | 26 of 46 (57) | |
| Stage IV | 36 of 145 (25) | 16 of 63 (25) | 10 of 36 (28) | 10 of 46 (22) | |
| Change in initial morphology-only diagnosis after IHC, no. (%) | 24 of 116 (20.7) | 12 of 53 (22.6) | 8 of 28 (28.6) | 4 of 35 (11.4) | .222 |
P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant and is indicated in bold.
Pearson χ2 test; Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Fisher exact test; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; peripheral LAD, peripheral lymphadenopathy.