Baseline characteristics of patients with and without VTE
| . | Normal range . | Thrombosis . | No thrombosis . | Overall P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 5 | n = 66 | |||
| Male, (%) | 3 (60) | 40 (61) | .979 | |
| Age in y (IQR) | 71 (64-77) | 63 (55-71) | .092 | |
| BMI (IQR) | 18.5-25 | 27.1 (23.8-29.2) | 27.0 (24.1-29.7) | .954 |
| Diagnosis (%) | .651 | |||
| MPA | 2 (40) | 20 (30) | ||
| GPA | 3 (60) | 46 (70) | ||
| ANCA (%) | .053 | |||
| MPO | 3 (60) | 26 (39) | ||
| PR3 | 1 (20) | 39 (59) | ||
| Double positive | 1 (20) | 1 (2) | ||
| De novo presentation (%) | 4 (80) | 35 (53) | .243 | |
| BVAS (IQR) | 17 (13-21) | 14 (12-17) | .179 | |
| Organ involvement (%) | ||||
| General | 5 (100) | 37 (56) | .054 | |
| Cutaneous | 0 (0) | 6 (9) | .481 | |
| Mucous membranes | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | .571 | |
| ENT | 2 (40) | 36 (55) | .530 | |
| Chest | 2 (40) | 32 (49) | .691 | |
| Cardiovascular | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | .693 | |
| Abdominal | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | |
| Renal | 4 (80) | 42 (64) | .460 | |
| Nervous system | 2 (40) | 6 (9) | .037∗ | |
| Remission-induction scheme (%) | .323 | |||
| RTX | 3 (60) | 33 (50) | ||
| RTX/CYC | 2 (40) | 14 (21) | ||
| CYC | 0 (0) | 19 (29) | ||
| Time to ≤5 mg prednisone in days (IQR) | 75 (60-95) | 106 (79-140) | .091 | |
| Previous thrombotic events (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | .565 | |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Hemoglobin (IQR) | 8.2-11.0†/7.3-9.7‡ mmol/L | 7.9 (6.9-8.9) | 7.2 (6.2-8.0) | .164 |
| Platelet (IQR) | 130-350 ×109/L | 283 (237-441) | 332 (264-398) | .374 |
| Leukocytes (IQR) | 3.5-11.0 ×109/L | 10.3 (7.0-12.7) | 8.5 (6.7-11.8) | .547 |
| Serum creatinine (IQR) | 60-115 μmol/L | 95 (81-225) | 152 (95-234) | .398 |
| CRP (IQR) | <10 mg/L | 11 (3-90) | 23 (8-44) | .917 |
| IgG (IQR) | 7.0-16.0 g/L | 9.7 (8.6-14.4) | 11.9 (9.1-13.4) | .521 |
| ANCA level (IQR) | MPO ≤5.0 IU/mL PR3 ≤3.0 IU/mL | 64 (34-81) | 72 (30-138) | .667 |
| Coagulation parameters | ||||
| D-dimers (IQR) | <5.0§ μg/mL | 3.3 (1.2-15.7) | 1.1 (0.6-2.5) | .055 |
| Fibrinogen (IQR) | 1.7-4.0 g/L | 5.8 (3.2-7.4) | 6.5 (5.2-8.7) | .176 |
| PT (IQR) | 10-12 sec | 8.6 (8.1-10.5) | 8.7 (8.3-9.3) | .711 |
| APTT (IQR) | 28-32 sec | 29 (23-35) | 27 (25-29) | .685 |
| FVIIa:AT (IQR) | ≤2641 pM | 641 (433-824) | 770 (480-916) | .392 |
| FXIIa:AT (IQR) | ≤118 pM | 63 (35-97) | 59 (36-80) | .855 |
| FXIIa:C1Inh (IQR) | ≤2166 pM | 3784 (3659-4617) | 3904 (3585-4289) | .811 |
| FXIa:AT (IQR) | ≤43 pM | 30 (19-67) | 48 (25-98) | .354 |
| FXIa:α1AT (IQR) | ≤29 pM | 40 (25-68) | 25 (15-37) | .165 |
| FXIa:C1Inh (IQR) | ≤514 pM | 71 (71-199) | 71 (71-266) | .967 |
| FIXa:AT (IQR) | ≤472 pM | 296 (232-304) | 257 (197-383) | .908 |
| FXa:AT (IQR) | ≤279 pM | 146 (121-171) | 180 (164-209) | .019∗ |
| T:AT (IQR) | ≤4.7 μg/L | 8.8 (3.3-14.7) | 2.8 (1.7-5.6) | .044∗ |
| Outcome measures | ||||
| Relapse during follow-up | 2 (40) | 15 (23) | .383 | |
| Mortality during follow-up | 0 (0) | 7 (11) | .443 |
| . | Normal range . | Thrombosis . | No thrombosis . | Overall P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 5 | n = 66 | |||
| Male, (%) | 3 (60) | 40 (61) | .979 | |
| Age in y (IQR) | 71 (64-77) | 63 (55-71) | .092 | |
| BMI (IQR) | 18.5-25 | 27.1 (23.8-29.2) | 27.0 (24.1-29.7) | .954 |
| Diagnosis (%) | .651 | |||
| MPA | 2 (40) | 20 (30) | ||
| GPA | 3 (60) | 46 (70) | ||
| ANCA (%) | .053 | |||
| MPO | 3 (60) | 26 (39) | ||
| PR3 | 1 (20) | 39 (59) | ||
| Double positive | 1 (20) | 1 (2) | ||
| De novo presentation (%) | 4 (80) | 35 (53) | .243 | |
| BVAS (IQR) | 17 (13-21) | 14 (12-17) | .179 | |
| Organ involvement (%) | ||||
| General | 5 (100) | 37 (56) | .054 | |
| Cutaneous | 0 (0) | 6 (9) | .481 | |
| Mucous membranes | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | .571 | |
| ENT | 2 (40) | 36 (55) | .530 | |
| Chest | 2 (40) | 32 (49) | .691 | |
| Cardiovascular | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | .693 | |
| Abdominal | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | |
| Renal | 4 (80) | 42 (64) | .460 | |
| Nervous system | 2 (40) | 6 (9) | .037∗ | |
| Remission-induction scheme (%) | .323 | |||
| RTX | 3 (60) | 33 (50) | ||
| RTX/CYC | 2 (40) | 14 (21) | ||
| CYC | 0 (0) | 19 (29) | ||
| Time to ≤5 mg prednisone in days (IQR) | 75 (60-95) | 106 (79-140) | .091 | |
| Previous thrombotic events (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | .565 | |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Hemoglobin (IQR) | 8.2-11.0†/7.3-9.7‡ mmol/L | 7.9 (6.9-8.9) | 7.2 (6.2-8.0) | .164 |
| Platelet (IQR) | 130-350 ×109/L | 283 (237-441) | 332 (264-398) | .374 |
| Leukocytes (IQR) | 3.5-11.0 ×109/L | 10.3 (7.0-12.7) | 8.5 (6.7-11.8) | .547 |
| Serum creatinine (IQR) | 60-115 μmol/L | 95 (81-225) | 152 (95-234) | .398 |
| CRP (IQR) | <10 mg/L | 11 (3-90) | 23 (8-44) | .917 |
| IgG (IQR) | 7.0-16.0 g/L | 9.7 (8.6-14.4) | 11.9 (9.1-13.4) | .521 |
| ANCA level (IQR) | MPO ≤5.0 IU/mL PR3 ≤3.0 IU/mL | 64 (34-81) | 72 (30-138) | .667 |
| Coagulation parameters | ||||
| D-dimers (IQR) | <5.0§ μg/mL | 3.3 (1.2-15.7) | 1.1 (0.6-2.5) | .055 |
| Fibrinogen (IQR) | 1.7-4.0 g/L | 5.8 (3.2-7.4) | 6.5 (5.2-8.7) | .176 |
| PT (IQR) | 10-12 sec | 8.6 (8.1-10.5) | 8.7 (8.3-9.3) | .711 |
| APTT (IQR) | 28-32 sec | 29 (23-35) | 27 (25-29) | .685 |
| FVIIa:AT (IQR) | ≤2641 pM | 641 (433-824) | 770 (480-916) | .392 |
| FXIIa:AT (IQR) | ≤118 pM | 63 (35-97) | 59 (36-80) | .855 |
| FXIIa:C1Inh (IQR) | ≤2166 pM | 3784 (3659-4617) | 3904 (3585-4289) | .811 |
| FXIa:AT (IQR) | ≤43 pM | 30 (19-67) | 48 (25-98) | .354 |
| FXIa:α1AT (IQR) | ≤29 pM | 40 (25-68) | 25 (15-37) | .165 |
| FXIa:C1Inh (IQR) | ≤514 pM | 71 (71-199) | 71 (71-266) | .967 |
| FIXa:AT (IQR) | ≤472 pM | 296 (232-304) | 257 (197-383) | .908 |
| FXa:AT (IQR) | ≤279 pM | 146 (121-171) | 180 (164-209) | .019∗ |
| T:AT (IQR) | ≤4.7 μg/L | 8.8 (3.3-14.7) | 2.8 (1.7-5.6) | .044∗ |
| Outcome measures | ||||
| Relapse during follow-up | 2 (40) | 15 (23) | .383 | |
| Mortality during follow-up | 0 (0) | 7 (11) | .443 |
The Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variables and the chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used for categorical variables, when appropriate.
α1AT, α1-antitrypsin; ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; AT, antithrombin; BMI, body mass index; C1Inh, C1 esterase inhibitor; CRP, C-reactive protein; CYC, cyclophosphamide; ENT, ear, nose, and throat; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IQR, interquartile range; MPA, microscopic polyangiitis; MPO, myeloperoxidase; PR3, proteinase 3; PT, Prothrombin time; RTX, rituximab; FIXa, activated factor IX; FVIIa, activated FVII; FXa, activated factor X; FXIa, activated factor XI; FXIIa, activated factor XII; SD, standard deviation; T:AT, thrombin in complex with antithrombin.
Statistically significant.
Normal hemoglobin ranges for males.
Normal hemoglobin ranges for females.
D-dimers normal range for age 50 years or younger, with an incremental increase of 0.1 for each year above 50.