Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the ICU patients with and without microclots
| . | Total . | Microclots . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number R value . | Size R value . | Absent . | Present . | P value . | ||
| Total number, n | 104 | 104 | 104 | 60 | 44 | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 62.0 (49.0-74.0) | –0.423 | –0.410 | 63.0 (49.0-74.8) | 57.5 (47.5-71.8) | .233 |
| Male, n (%) | 52 (50%) | – | – | 32 (53.3%) | 20 (45.5%) | .552 |
| White ethnicity, n (%) | 95 (91.3%) | – | – | 54 (90%) | 41 (93.2%) | .730 |
| APACHE II score, median (IQR) | 19.0 (14.5-24.0) | 0.279 | 0.249 | 19.0 (14.0-23.8) | 19.5 (16.0-25.5.0) | .566 |
| Admission diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
| Sepsis | 42 (40.4%) | – | – | 19 (31.7%) | 23 (52.3%) | .044 |
| Trauma | 16 (15.4%) | – | – | 10 (16.7%) | 6 (13.6%) | .787 |
| Cardiovascular | 12 (11.5%) | – | – | 9 (15.0%) | 3 (6.8%) | .231 |
| Respiratory | 16 (15.4%) | – | – | 10 (18.3%) | 6 (13.6%) | .415 |
| Gastrointestinal | 12 (11.5%) | – | – | 8 (16.7%) | 4 (9.1%) | .553 |
| Renal | 3 (2.9%) | – | – | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.3%) | 1.000 |
| Central nervous system | 3 (2.9%) | – | – | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.3%) | 1.000 |
| Coagulation parameters | ||||||
| Platelets, median (IQR), ×109/L | ||||||
| Admission | 194.0 (129.0-294.3) | –0.526 | –0.527 | 202.0 (156.3-302.3) | 156.0 (65.5-256.8) | .005 |
| 24 h after admission | 206.0 (105.0-260.0) | –0.484 | –0.486 | 214.0 (152.0-270.0) | 162.0 (51.8-249.8) | .012 |
| 48 h after admission | 181.0 (102.3-243.3) | –0.517 | –0.444 | 190.0 (128.5-244.0) | 107.0 (44.0-244.0) | .014 |
| 72 h after admission | 183.0 (99.0-234.0) | –0.539 | –0.515 | 191.0 (127.0-277.0) | 115.5 (50.5-199.5) | .006 |
| PT, median (IQR), s | ||||||
| Admission | 14.6 (13.1-17.0) | 0.597 | 0.542 | 13.7 (12.8-15.6) | 16.2 (13.3-20.8) | .002 |
| 24 h after admission | 14.5 (12.8-16.3) | 0.530 | 0.454 | 13.9 (12.7-15.6) | 15.6 (13.3-20.3) | .007 |
| 48 h after admission | 14.0 (12.2-16.4) | 0.560 | 0.508 | 13.1 (11.9-15.0) | 15.7 (13.0-20.3) | .004 |
| 72 h after admission | 13.6 (12.1-15.7) | 0.523 | 0.469 | 13.4 (11.8-14.4) | 15.2 (12.8-19.3) | .006 |
| aPTT, median (IQR), s | ||||||
| Admission | 32.8 (29.1-40.2) | 0.458 | 0.483 | 30.8 (28.4-37.0) | 35.1 (30.1-44.0) | .038 |
| 24 h after admission | 33.5 (29.1-40.6) | 0.338 | 0.366 | 32.3 (28.3-38.3) | 35.7 (30.1-43.4) | .087 |
| 48 h after admission | 32.2 (28.8-37.9) | 0.387 | 0.366 | 30.8 (28.5-36.0) | 34.9 (29.1-45.8) | .068 |
| 72 h after admission | 31.7 (28.5-37.2) | 0.476 | 0.425 | 30.7 (28.2-36.1) | 34.8 (29.8-42.0) | .042 |
| Fibrinogen, median (IQR), g/L | ||||||
| Admission | 3.7 (2.3-4.9) | –0.332 | –0.164 | 3.7 (2.5-4.8) | 3.8 (1.8-5.4) | .903 |
| 24 h after admission | 4.1 (2.8-5.1) | –0.390 | –0.286 | 4.2 (2.8-5.0) | 3.8 (2.2-5.6) | .512 |
| 48 h after admission | 4.4 (3.2-5.2) | –0.518 | –0.456 | 4.5 (3.6-5.2) | 3.9 (2.9-5.2) | .173 |
| 72 h after admission | 4.4 (3.4-5.4) | –0.565 | –0.514 | 4.8 (3.6-5.5) | 3.7 (2.8-5.0) | .033 |
| D-dimer, median (IQR), ng/mL | ||||||
| Admission | 3969 (1497-9328) | 0.348 | 0.329 | 3490 (1393-7798) | 5 341 (2015-13 456) | .800 |
| 24 h after admission | 4587 (1302-6492) | 0.272 | 0.255 | 3492 (1149-5549) | 5 044 (2 455-7395) | .321 |
| 48 h after admission | 3849 (2540-5974) | 0.418 | 0.445 | 3458 (1950-6887) | 4 221 (2732-6567) | .528 |
| 72 h after admission | 3762 (2348-7084) | 0.569 | 0.664 | 3488 (1972-5636) | 6 036 (2 692-13 734) | .084 |
| Total DIC, n (%) | – | – | – | 1 (1.7%) | 18 (40.9%) | <.001 |
| Time to develop DIC, n (%) | ||||||
| Admission | 8 (7.7%) | – | – | 1 (1.7%) | 7 (15.9%) | .010 |
| 24 h after admission | 4 (3.8%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (9.1%) | .030 |
| 48 h after admission | 3 (2.9%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (6.8%) | .073 |
| 72 h after admission | 4 (3.8%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (9.1%) | .030 |
| Developed DIC ≥24 h after admission, n (%) | 11 (10.6%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (29.7%) | <.001 |
| Organ injury | ||||||
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | ||||||
| Admission | 7.0 (4.0-10.0) | 0.293 | 0.330 | 7.0 (4.0-8.0) | 8.0 (5.0-10.0) | .076 |
| 24 h after admission | 8.0 (5.0-10.0) | 0.437 | 0.448 | 7.0 (4.0-9.0) | 8.0 (7.0-12.0) | .003 |
| 48 h after admission | 7.0 (5.0-9.5) | 0.574 | 0.543 | 6.0 (4.0-8.3) | 9.0 (7.0-13.0) | <.001 |
| 72 h after admission | 7.0 (4.0-10.0) | 0.642 | 0.607 | 5.0 (3.0-8.0) | 10.0 (7.0-12.0) | <.001 |
| Modified SOFA score, median (IQR) | ||||||
| Admission | 6.0 (4.0-9.0) | –0.105 | 0.084 | 6.5 (3.8-8.0) | 6.0 (4.0-9.0) | .393 |
| 24 h after admission | 7.0 (5.0-10.0) | 0.324 | 0.338 | 6.0 (4.0-9.0) | 8.0 (6.0-10.0) | .031 |
| 48 h after admission | 6.0 (4.0-8.0) | 0.486 | 0.449 | 6.0 (4.0-8.0) | 7.0 (6.0-10.0) | .002 |
| 72 h after admission | 6.0 (4.0-8.0) | 0.576 | 0.536 | 5.0 (3.0-7.0) | 7.0 (5.5-10.0) | .001 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 23 (22.1%) | – | – | 6 (10.0%) | 17 (38.6%) | <.001 |
| . | Total . | Microclots . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number R value . | Size R value . | Absent . | Present . | P value . | ||
| Total number, n | 104 | 104 | 104 | 60 | 44 | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 62.0 (49.0-74.0) | –0.423 | –0.410 | 63.0 (49.0-74.8) | 57.5 (47.5-71.8) | .233 |
| Male, n (%) | 52 (50%) | – | – | 32 (53.3%) | 20 (45.5%) | .552 |
| White ethnicity, n (%) | 95 (91.3%) | – | – | 54 (90%) | 41 (93.2%) | .730 |
| APACHE II score, median (IQR) | 19.0 (14.5-24.0) | 0.279 | 0.249 | 19.0 (14.0-23.8) | 19.5 (16.0-25.5.0) | .566 |
| Admission diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
| Sepsis | 42 (40.4%) | – | – | 19 (31.7%) | 23 (52.3%) | .044 |
| Trauma | 16 (15.4%) | – | – | 10 (16.7%) | 6 (13.6%) | .787 |
| Cardiovascular | 12 (11.5%) | – | – | 9 (15.0%) | 3 (6.8%) | .231 |
| Respiratory | 16 (15.4%) | – | – | 10 (18.3%) | 6 (13.6%) | .415 |
| Gastrointestinal | 12 (11.5%) | – | – | 8 (16.7%) | 4 (9.1%) | .553 |
| Renal | 3 (2.9%) | – | – | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.3%) | 1.000 |
| Central nervous system | 3 (2.9%) | – | – | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (2.3%) | 1.000 |
| Coagulation parameters | ||||||
| Platelets, median (IQR), ×109/L | ||||||
| Admission | 194.0 (129.0-294.3) | –0.526 | –0.527 | 202.0 (156.3-302.3) | 156.0 (65.5-256.8) | .005 |
| 24 h after admission | 206.0 (105.0-260.0) | –0.484 | –0.486 | 214.0 (152.0-270.0) | 162.0 (51.8-249.8) | .012 |
| 48 h after admission | 181.0 (102.3-243.3) | –0.517 | –0.444 | 190.0 (128.5-244.0) | 107.0 (44.0-244.0) | .014 |
| 72 h after admission | 183.0 (99.0-234.0) | –0.539 | –0.515 | 191.0 (127.0-277.0) | 115.5 (50.5-199.5) | .006 |
| PT, median (IQR), s | ||||||
| Admission | 14.6 (13.1-17.0) | 0.597 | 0.542 | 13.7 (12.8-15.6) | 16.2 (13.3-20.8) | .002 |
| 24 h after admission | 14.5 (12.8-16.3) | 0.530 | 0.454 | 13.9 (12.7-15.6) | 15.6 (13.3-20.3) | .007 |
| 48 h after admission | 14.0 (12.2-16.4) | 0.560 | 0.508 | 13.1 (11.9-15.0) | 15.7 (13.0-20.3) | .004 |
| 72 h after admission | 13.6 (12.1-15.7) | 0.523 | 0.469 | 13.4 (11.8-14.4) | 15.2 (12.8-19.3) | .006 |
| aPTT, median (IQR), s | ||||||
| Admission | 32.8 (29.1-40.2) | 0.458 | 0.483 | 30.8 (28.4-37.0) | 35.1 (30.1-44.0) | .038 |
| 24 h after admission | 33.5 (29.1-40.6) | 0.338 | 0.366 | 32.3 (28.3-38.3) | 35.7 (30.1-43.4) | .087 |
| 48 h after admission | 32.2 (28.8-37.9) | 0.387 | 0.366 | 30.8 (28.5-36.0) | 34.9 (29.1-45.8) | .068 |
| 72 h after admission | 31.7 (28.5-37.2) | 0.476 | 0.425 | 30.7 (28.2-36.1) | 34.8 (29.8-42.0) | .042 |
| Fibrinogen, median (IQR), g/L | ||||||
| Admission | 3.7 (2.3-4.9) | –0.332 | –0.164 | 3.7 (2.5-4.8) | 3.8 (1.8-5.4) | .903 |
| 24 h after admission | 4.1 (2.8-5.1) | –0.390 | –0.286 | 4.2 (2.8-5.0) | 3.8 (2.2-5.6) | .512 |
| 48 h after admission | 4.4 (3.2-5.2) | –0.518 | –0.456 | 4.5 (3.6-5.2) | 3.9 (2.9-5.2) | .173 |
| 72 h after admission | 4.4 (3.4-5.4) | –0.565 | –0.514 | 4.8 (3.6-5.5) | 3.7 (2.8-5.0) | .033 |
| D-dimer, median (IQR), ng/mL | ||||||
| Admission | 3969 (1497-9328) | 0.348 | 0.329 | 3490 (1393-7798) | 5 341 (2015-13 456) | .800 |
| 24 h after admission | 4587 (1302-6492) | 0.272 | 0.255 | 3492 (1149-5549) | 5 044 (2 455-7395) | .321 |
| 48 h after admission | 3849 (2540-5974) | 0.418 | 0.445 | 3458 (1950-6887) | 4 221 (2732-6567) | .528 |
| 72 h after admission | 3762 (2348-7084) | 0.569 | 0.664 | 3488 (1972-5636) | 6 036 (2 692-13 734) | .084 |
| Total DIC, n (%) | – | – | – | 1 (1.7%) | 18 (40.9%) | <.001 |
| Time to develop DIC, n (%) | ||||||
| Admission | 8 (7.7%) | – | – | 1 (1.7%) | 7 (15.9%) | .010 |
| 24 h after admission | 4 (3.8%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (9.1%) | .030 |
| 48 h after admission | 3 (2.9%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (6.8%) | .073 |
| 72 h after admission | 4 (3.8%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (9.1%) | .030 |
| Developed DIC ≥24 h after admission, n (%) | 11 (10.6%) | – | – | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (29.7%) | <.001 |
| Organ injury | ||||||
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | ||||||
| Admission | 7.0 (4.0-10.0) | 0.293 | 0.330 | 7.0 (4.0-8.0) | 8.0 (5.0-10.0) | .076 |
| 24 h after admission | 8.0 (5.0-10.0) | 0.437 | 0.448 | 7.0 (4.0-9.0) | 8.0 (7.0-12.0) | .003 |
| 48 h after admission | 7.0 (5.0-9.5) | 0.574 | 0.543 | 6.0 (4.0-8.3) | 9.0 (7.0-13.0) | <.001 |
| 72 h after admission | 7.0 (4.0-10.0) | 0.642 | 0.607 | 5.0 (3.0-8.0) | 10.0 (7.0-12.0) | <.001 |
| Modified SOFA score, median (IQR) | ||||||
| Admission | 6.0 (4.0-9.0) | –0.105 | 0.084 | 6.5 (3.8-8.0) | 6.0 (4.0-9.0) | .393 |
| 24 h after admission | 7.0 (5.0-10.0) | 0.324 | 0.338 | 6.0 (4.0-9.0) | 8.0 (6.0-10.0) | .031 |
| 48 h after admission | 6.0 (4.0-8.0) | 0.486 | 0.449 | 6.0 (4.0-8.0) | 7.0 (6.0-10.0) | .002 |
| 72 h after admission | 6.0 (4.0-8.0) | 0.576 | 0.536 | 5.0 (3.0-7.0) | 7.0 (5.5-10.0) | .001 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 23 (22.1%) | – | – | 6 (10.0%) | 17 (38.6%) | <.001 |
Microclot absent: number <1.0 per field and size <200 pixels per field; microclot present: number >1.0 per field and/or area >200 pixels per field. R value represents correlation with aggregate presence or absence performed using Spearman rank correlation. P value of comparison of patients with absent vs presence of amyloid-fibrin(ogen) aggregates, calculated using Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables.
APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; IQR, interquartile range.