Study cohort characteristics for cases and controls
| . | Cases . | Controls . |
|---|---|---|
| Total, n | 3816 | 19 080 |
| Age, median, y (IQR) | 69 (59-76) | 69 (59-76) |
| Age group, n (%) | ||
| <60 y, n (%) | 981 (25.7) | 4905 (25.7) |
| 60-75 y, n (%) | 1755 (46.0) | 8775 (46.0) |
| >75 y, n (%) | 1080 (28.3) | 5400 (28.3) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 1875 (49.1) | 9375 (49.1) |
| Metformin use before index date, n (%) | ||
| Never-use | 3548 (93.0) | 17 507 (91.8) |
| Ever-use | 268 (7.0) | 1573 (8.2) |
| Long-term use (≥5 y) | 43 (1.1) | 375 (2.0) |
| No. of prescriptions for ever-users, n (%) | ||
| 1 | 15 (5.6) | 98 (6.2) |
| 2-4 | 37 (13.8) | 183 (11.6) |
| ≥5 | 216 (80.6) | 1292 (82.1) |
| Highest achieved education, n (%) | ||
| Primary school | 1277 (33.5) | 6419 (33.6) |
| High school | 1576 (41.3) | 7608 (39.9) |
| Short/middle long education | 659 (17.3) | 3394 (17.8) |
| Long education | 216 (5.7) | 1139 (6.0) |
| CCI, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 3292 (86.3) | 17 614 (92.3) |
| 1 | 340 (8.9) | 1038 (5.4) |
| ≥2 | 184 (4.8) | 428 (2.2) |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||
| Alcohol-related diagnoses | 262 (6.9) | 1104 (5.8) |
| Overweight and obesity-related diagnoses | 155 (4.1) | 841 (4.4) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 348 (9.1) | 1527 (8.0) |
| Autoimmune disease | 325 (8.5) | 1611 (8.4) |
| Previous drug use, n (%) | ||
| Aspirin | 1312 (34.4) | 5034 (26.4) |
| Other NSAIDs | 3140 (82.3) | 15 345 (80.4) |
| Statins | 1332 (34.9) | 6389 (33.5) |
| Alendronate | 242 (6.3) | 1114 (5.8) |
| Immunosuppressants | 95 (2.5) | 492 (2.6) |
| MPN subtype, n (%) | ||
| PV | 1306 (34.2) | N/A |
| ET | 1307 (34.3) | N/A |
| MF | 574 (15.0) | N/A |
| MPN-U | 629 (16.5) | N/A |
| Molecular MPN subtype∗ , n (%) | ||
| JAK2-V617F–mutated | 2871 (78.4) | N/A |
| CALR-mutated | 184 (5.0) | N/A |
| . | Cases . | Controls . |
|---|---|---|
| Total, n | 3816 | 19 080 |
| Age, median, y (IQR) | 69 (59-76) | 69 (59-76) |
| Age group, n (%) | ||
| <60 y, n (%) | 981 (25.7) | 4905 (25.7) |
| 60-75 y, n (%) | 1755 (46.0) | 8775 (46.0) |
| >75 y, n (%) | 1080 (28.3) | 5400 (28.3) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 1875 (49.1) | 9375 (49.1) |
| Metformin use before index date, n (%) | ||
| Never-use | 3548 (93.0) | 17 507 (91.8) |
| Ever-use | 268 (7.0) | 1573 (8.2) |
| Long-term use (≥5 y) | 43 (1.1) | 375 (2.0) |
| No. of prescriptions for ever-users, n (%) | ||
| 1 | 15 (5.6) | 98 (6.2) |
| 2-4 | 37 (13.8) | 183 (11.6) |
| ≥5 | 216 (80.6) | 1292 (82.1) |
| Highest achieved education, n (%) | ||
| Primary school | 1277 (33.5) | 6419 (33.6) |
| High school | 1576 (41.3) | 7608 (39.9) |
| Short/middle long education | 659 (17.3) | 3394 (17.8) |
| Long education | 216 (5.7) | 1139 (6.0) |
| CCI, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 3292 (86.3) | 17 614 (92.3) |
| 1 | 340 (8.9) | 1038 (5.4) |
| ≥2 | 184 (4.8) | 428 (2.2) |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||
| Alcohol-related diagnoses | 262 (6.9) | 1104 (5.8) |
| Overweight and obesity-related diagnoses | 155 (4.1) | 841 (4.4) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 348 (9.1) | 1527 (8.0) |
| Autoimmune disease | 325 (8.5) | 1611 (8.4) |
| Previous drug use, n (%) | ||
| Aspirin | 1312 (34.4) | 5034 (26.4) |
| Other NSAIDs | 3140 (82.3) | 15 345 (80.4) |
| Statins | 1332 (34.9) | 6389 (33.5) |
| Alendronate | 242 (6.3) | 1114 (5.8) |
| Immunosuppressants | 95 (2.5) | 492 (2.6) |
| MPN subtype, n (%) | ||
| PV | 1306 (34.2) | N/A |
| ET | 1307 (34.3) | N/A |
| MF | 574 (15.0) | N/A |
| MPN-U | 629 (16.5) | N/A |
| Molecular MPN subtype∗ , n (%) | ||
| JAK2-V617F–mutated | 2871 (78.4) | N/A |
| CALR-mutated | 184 (5.0) | N/A |
IQR, interquartile range; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Among 3664 tested.