Clinical and biological characteristics of the studied population
| Characteristics . | Patients (n = 130) . |
|---|---|
| Demographic and clinical | |
| Age, y | 45 ± 12 |
| Male, n (%) | 62 (48) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24 ± 4 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 129 ± 17 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 75 ± 11 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 72 ± 13 |
| Oxygen saturation (%) (n = 105) | 95 ± 3 |
| Referred for, n (%) | |
| Worsening of dyspnea | 56 (41) |
| Chest pain | 23 (18) |
| Palpitations or ECG changes | 15 (12) |
| Elevation of a cardiac biomarker | 7 (5) |
| Cardiac imaging abnormalities | 9 (7) |
| Episode of decompensated heart failure | 7 (5) |
| Recent stroke | 7 (5) |
| Pretransplant assessment (kidney/HSCs) | 6 (5) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | |
| History of stroke | 25 (19) |
| Classification of stroke∗ , n = 25 | |
| Cerebral vasculopathy | 8 (32) |
| Possible ARD-related stroke or undetermined cause | 14 (56) |
| Other defined cause | 3 (12) |
| History | |
| Arterial hypertension | 74 (57) |
| Diabetes | 4 (3) |
| Dyslipidemia | 1 (1) |
| Obesity | 8 (6) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome | 13 (10) |
| Chronic kidney disease† | 44 (34) |
| Active smoking | 16 (12) |
| Thromboembolic history (PE/DVT) | 35 (27) |
| Treatment of SCD, n (%) | |
| None | 15 (12) |
| Hydroxyurea | 81 (62) |
| Erythrocytapheresis | 10 (8) |
| Hydroxyurea + erythrocytapheresis | 22 (17) |
| Bloodletting | 2 (2) |
| Anticoagulation therapy and indication, n (%) | |
| Stroke complicating patient foramen ovale | 1 (1) |
| Cryptogenic stroke | 2 (2) |
| History of AF (disregarding complications) | 15 (12) |
| Venous thromboembolism | 14 (11) |
| Biology | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 8.7 ± 1.5 |
| Leukocytes (×109/L) | 7.7 ± 2.6 |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 313 ± 132 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.3 ± 0.5 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 63 (52-91) |
| GFR (based on CKD-EPI formula in mL/min per 1.73m2) | 105 (69-121) |
| ASAT (IU/L) | 42 (33-60) |
| ALAT (IU/L) | 24 (18-36) |
| LDH (IU/L) | 439 (253-494) |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 31 (21-47) |
| Free bilirubin (μmol/L) | 21 (13-33) |
| Nt Pro-BNP (ng/L) | 145 (57-400) |
| Nt Pro-BNP ≥160n g/L | 61 (47) |
| Troponin T (Hs) (ng/L), n = 101 | 5 (3-11) |
| Characteristics . | Patients (n = 130) . |
|---|---|
| Demographic and clinical | |
| Age, y | 45 ± 12 |
| Male, n (%) | 62 (48) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24 ± 4 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 129 ± 17 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 75 ± 11 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 72 ± 13 |
| Oxygen saturation (%) (n = 105) | 95 ± 3 |
| Referred for, n (%) | |
| Worsening of dyspnea | 56 (41) |
| Chest pain | 23 (18) |
| Palpitations or ECG changes | 15 (12) |
| Elevation of a cardiac biomarker | 7 (5) |
| Cardiac imaging abnormalities | 9 (7) |
| Episode of decompensated heart failure | 7 (5) |
| Recent stroke | 7 (5) |
| Pretransplant assessment (kidney/HSCs) | 6 (5) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | |
| History of stroke | 25 (19) |
| Classification of stroke∗ , n = 25 | |
| Cerebral vasculopathy | 8 (32) |
| Possible ARD-related stroke or undetermined cause | 14 (56) |
| Other defined cause | 3 (12) |
| History | |
| Arterial hypertension | 74 (57) |
| Diabetes | 4 (3) |
| Dyslipidemia | 1 (1) |
| Obesity | 8 (6) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome | 13 (10) |
| Chronic kidney disease† | 44 (34) |
| Active smoking | 16 (12) |
| Thromboembolic history (PE/DVT) | 35 (27) |
| Treatment of SCD, n (%) | |
| None | 15 (12) |
| Hydroxyurea | 81 (62) |
| Erythrocytapheresis | 10 (8) |
| Hydroxyurea + erythrocytapheresis | 22 (17) |
| Bloodletting | 2 (2) |
| Anticoagulation therapy and indication, n (%) | |
| Stroke complicating patient foramen ovale | 1 (1) |
| Cryptogenic stroke | 2 (2) |
| History of AF (disregarding complications) | 15 (12) |
| Venous thromboembolism | 14 (11) |
| Biology | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 8.7 ± 1.5 |
| Leukocytes (×109/L) | 7.7 ± 2.6 |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 313 ± 132 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.3 ± 0.5 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 63 (52-91) |
| GFR (based on CKD-EPI formula in mL/min per 1.73m2) | 105 (69-121) |
| ASAT (IU/L) | 42 (33-60) |
| ALAT (IU/L) | 24 (18-36) |
| LDH (IU/L) | 439 (253-494) |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 31 (21-47) |
| Free bilirubin (μmol/L) | 21 (13-33) |
| Nt Pro-BNP (ng/L) | 145 (57-400) |
| Nt Pro-BNP ≥160n g/L | 61 (47) |
| Troponin T (Hs) (ng/L), n = 101 | 5 (3-11) |
The ordinal data are reported as mean ± standard deviation when they have a normal distribution, as median (Q1-Q3) when they do not have a normal distribution, and nominal data as absolute value and percentage.
ALAT, alanine aminotransferase; ASAT, aspartate aminotransferase; bpm, beats per minute; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; DVT, deep veinous thrombosis; Hs, high sensitivity; HSCs, hematopoietic stem cells; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PE, pulmonary embolism; Q; quartile.
Additional information in supplemental Table 2.
GFR <90 mL/min per 1.73m2 according to CKD-EPI