Table 2. Key preclinical studies... | American Society of Hematology

Table 2.

Key preclinical studies informing the role of the IBME in MM

Preclinical model	Key finding	Relevance to IBME	Reference
Mouse models	Defined the concept of tumor immunoediting (elimination, equilibrium, escape)	Basis for understanding immune control and evasion in MM	66
Human MGUS patient samples + functional assays	Identified SOX2-specific T-cell immunity delaying MM progression	Highlights antigen-specific T-cell surveillance in early MM	67
In vitro studies on soluble MICA	Soluble MICA impairs NKG2D function on NK cells and T cells	Mechanism of immune escape via downregulating NK/T cytotoxicity	68
Mouse models + human samples	DNAM-1 (CD226) is critical for NK cell antimyeloma immunity	Reinforces importance of NK cytotoxic checkpoints	69
Mouse models of CAR-T resistance	Targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts restores CAR-T function	Highlights the role of BM niche in therapy resistance	58
CS1 CAR T cells + lenalidomide	Lenalidomide enhances CAR-T function	Shows immunomodulatory agents synergize with immune effectors	57
Humanized mouse models	Microenvironment supports premalignant and malignant PCs	Demonstrates early microenvironmental dependency in MM	70

Preclinical model	Key finding	Relevance to IBME	Reference
Mouse models	Defined the concept of tumor immunoediting (elimination, equilibrium, escape)	Basis for understanding immune control and evasion in MM	66
Human MGUS patient samples + functional assays	Identified SOX2-specific T-cell immunity delaying MM progression	Highlights antigen-specific T-cell surveillance in early MM	67
In vitro studies on soluble MICA	Soluble MICA impairs NKG2D function on NK cells and T cells	Mechanism of immune escape via downregulating NK/T cytotoxicity	68
Mouse models + human samples	DNAM-1 (CD226) is critical for NK cell antimyeloma immunity	Reinforces importance of NK cytotoxic checkpoints	69
Mouse models of CAR-T resistance	Targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts restores CAR-T function	Highlights the role of BM niche in therapy resistance	58
CS1 CAR T cells + lenalidomide	Lenalidomide enhances CAR-T function	Shows immunomodulatory agents synergize with immune effectors	57
Humanized mouse models	Microenvironment supports premalignant and malignant PCs	Demonstrates early microenvironmental dependency in MM	70

BM, bone marrow.