Baseline patient characteristics stratified by bleeding requiring hospitalization events over 12 months after initiation of anticoagulant therapy (n = 11 151)
| Variable . | Bleed (n = 869) . | No bleed (n = 10 282) . |
|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 68 (62-74) | 68 (62-73) |
| Alcohol abuse, n (%) | 78 (9.0) | 684 (6.7) |
| Anemia, n (%)∗ | 517 (59.9) | 5 047 (40.1) |
| Anticoagulant type, n (%) | ||
| DOAC | 196 (22.6) | 2 762 (26.9) |
| LMWH | 448 (51.6) | 5 138 (49.9) |
| Warfarin | 225 (25.9) | 2 382 (23.2) |
| Antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | ||
| Aspirin | 150 (17.3) | 1 523 (14.8) |
| P2Y12 inhibitor† | 65 (7.5) | 550 (5.4) |
| Dual antiplatelet‡ | 25 (2.9) | 194 (1.9) |
| Bleeding history, n (%) | 179 (20.6) | 975 (9.5) |
| Body mass index, n (%) | ||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 410 (4.0) | 27 (3.1) |
| 18.5 to <25 kg/m2 (reference) | 3 265 (31.8) | 277 (31.9) |
| ≥25 to <30 kg/m2 | 3 367 (32.7) | 289 (33.2) |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 3 205 (31.2) | 276 (31.8) |
| Unknown | 35 (0.3) | 0 (0) |
| Cancer type, n (%) | ||
| Brain/CNS | 18 (2.1) | 118 (1.2) |
| Breast/gynecologic | 10 (1.2) | 200 (1.9) |
| Cancer unknown primary | 14 (1.6) | 278 (2.7) |
| GI | ||
| Upper | 56 (6.4) | 471 (4.6) |
| Resected (upper) | 4 (7.1) | 66 (14.0) |
| Unresected (upper) | 52 (92.9) | 405 (86.0) |
| Lower | 109 (12.5) | 936 (9.1) |
| Resected | 33 (30.3) | 430 (45.9) |
| Unresected | 76 (69.7) | 506 (54.1) |
| GU (kidney and bladder) | 130 (15.0) | 914 (8.9) |
| Head and neck | 33 (3.8) | 552 (5.4) |
| Hepatobiliary | 41 (4.7) | 410 (4.0) |
| Hematologic malignancy, all | 123 (14.2) | 1 702 (16.6) |
| Leukemia/hematologic NOS (hematologic) | 7 (5.7) | 110 (5.5) |
| Lymphoma (hematologic) | 61 (49.6) | 915 (53.8) |
| Myelodysplastic syndrome (hematologic) | 12 (9.8) | 91 (5.3) |
| MPN/CML (hematologic) | 9 (7.3) | 142 (8.3) |
| Plasma cell neoplasm (hematologic) | 34 (27.6) | 444 (26.1) |
| Lung | 157 (18.1) | 2 431 (23.6) |
| Melanoma | 11 (1.3) | 164 (1.6) |
| Neuroendocrine/endocrine tumors | 7 (0.8) | 84 (0.8) |
| Pancreatic cancer | 46 (5.3) | 571 (5.6) |
| Prostate | 102 (11.7) | 1 140 (11.1) |
| Other cancers | 12 (1.4) | 311 (3.0) |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 567 (65.3) | 6 073 (59.1) |
| Selected chemotherapy, n (%) | ||
| BTK inhibitor | 5 (0.6) | 73 (0.7) |
| Hydroxyurea | 8 (0.9) | 63 (0.6) |
| VEGFi | 41 (4.7) | 329 (3.2) |
| VEGF TKI | 39 (4.5) | 286 (2.8) |
| Renal function (eGFR), n (%)21 | ||
| <30 mL/min | 344 (39.6) | 3 515 (34.2) |
| 30-60 mL/min | 201 (23.1) | 2 374 (23.1) |
| ≥60 mL/min | 324 (37.3) | 4 395 (42.7) |
| Fall history/predisposition, n (%) | 292 (33.6) | 3 204 (31.2) |
| Liver injury or disease | 67 (7.7) | 558 (5.4) |
| Metastatic disease | 415 (47.8) | 4 331 (42.1) |
| Race, n (%) | ||
| Black | 213 (24.5) | 2 228 (21.7) |
| Other | 18 (2.1) | 220 (2.1) |
| White | 638 (76.2) | 7 834 (73.4) |
| Ischemic stroke history, n (%) | 66 (7.6) | 586 (5.7) |
| Thrombocytopenia,§ n (%) | 49 (5.6) | 483 (4.7) |
| Uncontrolled hypertension,|| n (%) | 448 (51.6) | 4 424 (40.0) |
| Variable . | Bleed (n = 869) . | No bleed (n = 10 282) . |
|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 68 (62-74) | 68 (62-73) |
| Alcohol abuse, n (%) | 78 (9.0) | 684 (6.7) |
| Anemia, n (%)∗ | 517 (59.9) | 5 047 (40.1) |
| Anticoagulant type, n (%) | ||
| DOAC | 196 (22.6) | 2 762 (26.9) |
| LMWH | 448 (51.6) | 5 138 (49.9) |
| Warfarin | 225 (25.9) | 2 382 (23.2) |
| Antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | ||
| Aspirin | 150 (17.3) | 1 523 (14.8) |
| P2Y12 inhibitor† | 65 (7.5) | 550 (5.4) |
| Dual antiplatelet‡ | 25 (2.9) | 194 (1.9) |
| Bleeding history, n (%) | 179 (20.6) | 975 (9.5) |
| Body mass index, n (%) | ||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 410 (4.0) | 27 (3.1) |
| 18.5 to <25 kg/m2 (reference) | 3 265 (31.8) | 277 (31.9) |
| ≥25 to <30 kg/m2 | 3 367 (32.7) | 289 (33.2) |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 3 205 (31.2) | 276 (31.8) |
| Unknown | 35 (0.3) | 0 (0) |
| Cancer type, n (%) | ||
| Brain/CNS | 18 (2.1) | 118 (1.2) |
| Breast/gynecologic | 10 (1.2) | 200 (1.9) |
| Cancer unknown primary | 14 (1.6) | 278 (2.7) |
| GI | ||
| Upper | 56 (6.4) | 471 (4.6) |
| Resected (upper) | 4 (7.1) | 66 (14.0) |
| Unresected (upper) | 52 (92.9) | 405 (86.0) |
| Lower | 109 (12.5) | 936 (9.1) |
| Resected | 33 (30.3) | 430 (45.9) |
| Unresected | 76 (69.7) | 506 (54.1) |
| GU (kidney and bladder) | 130 (15.0) | 914 (8.9) |
| Head and neck | 33 (3.8) | 552 (5.4) |
| Hepatobiliary | 41 (4.7) | 410 (4.0) |
| Hematologic malignancy, all | 123 (14.2) | 1 702 (16.6) |
| Leukemia/hematologic NOS (hematologic) | 7 (5.7) | 110 (5.5) |
| Lymphoma (hematologic) | 61 (49.6) | 915 (53.8) |
| Myelodysplastic syndrome (hematologic) | 12 (9.8) | 91 (5.3) |
| MPN/CML (hematologic) | 9 (7.3) | 142 (8.3) |
| Plasma cell neoplasm (hematologic) | 34 (27.6) | 444 (26.1) |
| Lung | 157 (18.1) | 2 431 (23.6) |
| Melanoma | 11 (1.3) | 164 (1.6) |
| Neuroendocrine/endocrine tumors | 7 (0.8) | 84 (0.8) |
| Pancreatic cancer | 46 (5.3) | 571 (5.6) |
| Prostate | 102 (11.7) | 1 140 (11.1) |
| Other cancers | 12 (1.4) | 311 (3.0) |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 567 (65.3) | 6 073 (59.1) |
| Selected chemotherapy, n (%) | ||
| BTK inhibitor | 5 (0.6) | 73 (0.7) |
| Hydroxyurea | 8 (0.9) | 63 (0.6) |
| VEGFi | 41 (4.7) | 329 (3.2) |
| VEGF TKI | 39 (4.5) | 286 (2.8) |
| Renal function (eGFR), n (%)21 | ||
| <30 mL/min | 344 (39.6) | 3 515 (34.2) |
| 30-60 mL/min | 201 (23.1) | 2 374 (23.1) |
| ≥60 mL/min | 324 (37.3) | 4 395 (42.7) |
| Fall history/predisposition, n (%) | 292 (33.6) | 3 204 (31.2) |
| Liver injury or disease | 67 (7.7) | 558 (5.4) |
| Metastatic disease | 415 (47.8) | 4 331 (42.1) |
| Race, n (%) | ||
| Black | 213 (24.5) | 2 228 (21.7) |
| Other | 18 (2.1) | 220 (2.1) |
| White | 638 (76.2) | 7 834 (73.4) |
| Ischemic stroke history, n (%) | 66 (7.6) | 586 (5.7) |
| Thrombocytopenia,§ n (%) | 49 (5.6) | 483 (4.7) |
| Uncontrolled hypertension,|| n (%) | 448 (51.6) | 4 424 (40.0) |
Other cancers include bone/connective tissues (n = 140), thyroid (n = 61), testicular (n = 42), thymus/heart/mediastinum (n = 24), penis (n = 23), retroperitoneal/peritoneum (n = 19), Kaposi (n = 8), and ocular (n = 6).
BTK, Bruton tyrosine kinase; CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MPN, myeloproliferative neoplasm; NOS, not otherwise specified; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor; VEGFi, vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor.
Defined as hemoglobin <10 g/dL or hematocrit <30%.
Includes use of clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor.
Defined as aspirin plus either clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor.
Defined as platelets <50 ×103/μL.
Defined as systolic blood pressure >160 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >100 mm Hg.