Clinical characteristics of enrolled patients at the time of diagnosis
| Characteristic . | MGUS∗ . | SMM∗ . | MM∗ . | P value† . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 43 | 33 | 83 | |
| Age, y | 68 (35-87) | 75 (54-92) | 71 (48-91) | .3 |
| Sex, male/female | 26/17 | 13/20 | 39/44 | .2 |
| WBC | 12 033 (3640-133 200) | 6691 (4050-11 220) | 6994 (2200-23 890) | .054 |
| Neutrophils, cells per μL | 5548 (1250-10 700) | 3958 (2010-7880) | 4495 (210-20 740) | .025 |
| Lymphocytes, cells per μL | 1861 (410-4620) | 1991 (1070-2890) | 1754 (320-4130) | .070 |
| Monocytes, cells per μL | 567 (230-1210) | 566 (270-2330) | 583 (40-2060) | .7 |
| Platelets, cells per μL | 241 484 (105 000-455 000) | 240 545 (121 000-439 000) | 242 096 (52 000-642 000) | > .9 |
| Hb, g/dL | 12.39 (7.40-16.60) | 12.53 (7.80-15.90) | 10.96 (6.20-17.00) | < .001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.52 (0.61-5.07) | 1.12 (0.60-4.69) | 1.66 (0.54-8.19) | .059 |
| Albumin, g/L | 41.0 (28.0-47.0) | 39.5 (26.0-48.0) | 36 (3-51.0) | .002 |
| β2-microglobulin, mg/dL | 4.9 (1.1-41.6) | 4.2 (1.5-19.8) | 7.7 (1.7-38.4) | < .001 |
| Calcium, mg/dL | 9.30 (7.40-10.20) | 9.41 (8.40-10.40) | 9.53 (7.60-14.44) | .2 |
| LDH, U/L | 179 (91-264) | 158 (79-270) | 178 (77-484) | .7 |
| Serum κ chain, g/L | 3.4 (0.9-6.6) | 5.6 (0.6-14.9) | 5.5 (0.3-24.4) | .8 |
| Serum λ chain, g/L | 1.6 (0.5-3.1) | 2.4 (0.3-11.5) | 4 (0.1-38) | .7 |
| κ-FLC, mg/L | 62 (9-308) | 339 (8-5960) | 385 (1-8930) | >.9 |
| λ-FLC, mg/L | 49 (9-183) | 104 (2-599) | 594 (2-12 000) | .5 |
| rFLC, g/L | 2 (0-6) | 34 (0-773) | 46 (0-1094) | >.9 |
| ISS | ||||
| I | 25 | |||
| II | 24 | |||
| III | 34 | |||
| ASCT | ||||
| Yes | 28 | |||
| No | 55 | |||
| Therapy | ||||
| Daratumumab + RD | 26 | |||
| Daratumumab + VMP | 10 | |||
| Daratumumab + VTd | 26 | |||
| RD | 7 | |||
| Vd | 2 | |||
| VTd | 12 |
| Characteristic . | MGUS∗ . | SMM∗ . | MM∗ . | P value† . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 43 | 33 | 83 | |
| Age, y | 68 (35-87) | 75 (54-92) | 71 (48-91) | .3 |
| Sex, male/female | 26/17 | 13/20 | 39/44 | .2 |
| WBC | 12 033 (3640-133 200) | 6691 (4050-11 220) | 6994 (2200-23 890) | .054 |
| Neutrophils, cells per μL | 5548 (1250-10 700) | 3958 (2010-7880) | 4495 (210-20 740) | .025 |
| Lymphocytes, cells per μL | 1861 (410-4620) | 1991 (1070-2890) | 1754 (320-4130) | .070 |
| Monocytes, cells per μL | 567 (230-1210) | 566 (270-2330) | 583 (40-2060) | .7 |
| Platelets, cells per μL | 241 484 (105 000-455 000) | 240 545 (121 000-439 000) | 242 096 (52 000-642 000) | > .9 |
| Hb, g/dL | 12.39 (7.40-16.60) | 12.53 (7.80-15.90) | 10.96 (6.20-17.00) | < .001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.52 (0.61-5.07) | 1.12 (0.60-4.69) | 1.66 (0.54-8.19) | .059 |
| Albumin, g/L | 41.0 (28.0-47.0) | 39.5 (26.0-48.0) | 36 (3-51.0) | .002 |
| β2-microglobulin, mg/dL | 4.9 (1.1-41.6) | 4.2 (1.5-19.8) | 7.7 (1.7-38.4) | < .001 |
| Calcium, mg/dL | 9.30 (7.40-10.20) | 9.41 (8.40-10.40) | 9.53 (7.60-14.44) | .2 |
| LDH, U/L | 179 (91-264) | 158 (79-270) | 178 (77-484) | .7 |
| Serum κ chain, g/L | 3.4 (0.9-6.6) | 5.6 (0.6-14.9) | 5.5 (0.3-24.4) | .8 |
| Serum λ chain, g/L | 1.6 (0.5-3.1) | 2.4 (0.3-11.5) | 4 (0.1-38) | .7 |
| κ-FLC, mg/L | 62 (9-308) | 339 (8-5960) | 385 (1-8930) | >.9 |
| λ-FLC, mg/L | 49 (9-183) | 104 (2-599) | 594 (2-12 000) | .5 |
| rFLC, g/L | 2 (0-6) | 34 (0-773) | 46 (0-1094) | >.9 |
| ISS | ||||
| I | 25 | |||
| II | 24 | |||
| III | 34 | |||
| ASCT | ||||
| Yes | 28 | |||
| No | 55 | |||
| Therapy | ||||
| Daratumumab + RD | 26 | |||
| Daratumumab + VMP | 10 | |||
| Daratumumab + VTd | 26 | |||
| RD | 7 | |||
| Vd | 2 | |||
| VTd | 12 |
The boldface values in Table 1 indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups, as intended.
FLC, free light chain; Hb, hemoglobin; max, maximum; min, minimum; RD, lenalidomide-dexamethasone; rFLC, free light chain ratio; Vd, bortezomib-dexamethasone; VMP, bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone; VTd, bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone; WBC, white blood cell.
Mean (min-max); n (%).
Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test; Pearson χ2 test; Fisher exact test.