Etiologic fractions for various factors associated with aplastic anemia in Thailand
Factor . | Relative risk estimate . | Proportion of cases exposed, % . | Etiologic fraction, % . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Other organic solvents* | 2.0 | 11 | 5 |
| Associated drugs† | 3.9 | 4 | 3 |
| Agricultural pesticides (Khonkaen)‡ | 3.5 | 22 | 15 |
| Exposure to ducks (Khonkaen)§ | 3.7 | 26 | 19 |
| Use of animal fertilizers (Khonkaen)§ | 2.1 | 27 | 14 |
| Use of nonbottled water (Khonkaen) | 2.8 | 95 | 61 |
| Nonmedical needle exposures | 3.8 | 3 | 2 |
Factor . | Relative risk estimate . | Proportion of cases exposed, % . | Etiologic fraction, % . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Other organic solvents* | 2.0 | 11 | 5 |
| Associated drugs† | 3.9 | 4 | 3 |
| Agricultural pesticides (Khonkaen)‡ | 3.5 | 22 | 15 |
| Exposure to ducks (Khonkaen)§ | 3.7 | 26 | 19 |
| Use of animal fertilizers (Khonkaen)§ | 2.1 | 27 | 14 |
| Use of nonbottled water (Khonkaen) | 2.8 | 95 | 61 |
| Nonmedical needle exposures | 3.8 | 3 | 2 |
Based on all factors with elevated relative risk estimates and lower confidence limits of 1.0 or greater that represent direct exposures (Results; Tables 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). The factors are not mutually exclusive, and therefore the individual etiologic fractions cannot be summed to determine the total proportion of aplastic anemia that can be explained.
Not including fuels or glues
Sulfonamides, mebendazole, and thiazide diuretics
Organophosphates, DDT, carbamates, paraquat
Among farmers, farm workers, or those who live on farms