New treatment options for childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
| Option . | Action . | NHL subgroup . | Evidence/status of development* . |
|---|---|---|---|
| *References given in the Table but not included in Reference list due to space restriction | |||
| Abbreviations: HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; MNC, mononuclear cells; ADCC, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity; NF-κ B, nuclear factor kappa B; NK, natural killer; see Table 1 for additional abbreviations | |||
| Allogeneic HSCT | Graft-versus-lymphoma? | ALCL, T-LBL | Efficacious in refractory childhood ALCL, and T-LBL relapse.46,48 |
| Allogeneic HSCT +rituximab | Graft-NK/MNC ADCC | CD20+ B-NHL | Increased ADCC of BL cells of donor MNC ( Pfeiffer M et al, ; Bone Marrow Transplant . 2005 ;36 :91 –97Escalon MP et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2004 ;22 :2419 –2423 |
| Monoclonal antibodies | |||
| Rituximab | Anti-CD20 | CD20+ NHL | Phase 3 trials adult DLBCL ( Coiffier B et al, )
Casual observations in childhood BL relapse N Engl J Med . 2002 ;346 :235 –242 |
| Epratuzumab | Anti-CD22 | CD22+ NHL | Response in phase 1–2 ( Leonard JP et al, ) Clin Cancer Res . 2004 ;10 :5327 –5334 |
| SGN-30 | Anti-CD30 | ALCL | CR/Pr in phase 1–2 in adults ( Bartlett NL et al, )
Ongoing phase 2 studies Blood . 2002 ;100 :362a |
| Cytostatic drugs | |||
| Nelarabin | Nucleoside analog | T-LBL | Response in phase 1–2 studies in T-ALL( Berg SL et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2005 ;23 :3376 –3382 |
| Clofarabin | Deoxyadenosine analog | LBL, pB+ T | Response in phase 1–2 studies in ALL ( Jeha S et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2006 ;24 :1917 –1923 |
| Forodesin | Purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor | T-LBL | Phase 1, T-cell neoplasms ( Gandhi V et al, ) Blood . 2005 ;106 :4253 –4260 |
| Liposomal cytarabine | Slow released cytidine analog | CNS+ BL/B-ALL | Phase 1 ( Bomgaars L et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2004 ;22 :3916 –3921 |
| NVP-TAE684 | Alk inhibitor | Alk+ ALCL | Cell lines, animal models ( Galkin AV et al, ) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2007 ;104 :270 –275 |
| Bortezomib | NF-κB inhibitor | PMLBL | Phase 1 ( Horton TM et al, ) Clin Cancer Res . 2007 ;13 :1516 –1522 |
| Other | |||
| Palifermin | ru-human keratinocyte growth factor | High-risk B | Significant reduction of mucositis in phase 3 studies( Spielberger R et al, *) N Engl J Med 2004 ; 351 :2590 –2598 |
| Option . | Action . | NHL subgroup . | Evidence/status of development* . |
|---|---|---|---|
| *References given in the Table but not included in Reference list due to space restriction | |||
| Abbreviations: HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; MNC, mononuclear cells; ADCC, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity; NF-κ B, nuclear factor kappa B; NK, natural killer; see Table 1 for additional abbreviations | |||
| Allogeneic HSCT | Graft-versus-lymphoma? | ALCL, T-LBL | Efficacious in refractory childhood ALCL, and T-LBL relapse.46,48 |
| Allogeneic HSCT +rituximab | Graft-NK/MNC ADCC | CD20+ B-NHL | Increased ADCC of BL cells of donor MNC ( Pfeiffer M et al, ; Bone Marrow Transplant . 2005 ;36 :91 –97Escalon MP et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2004 ;22 :2419 –2423 |
| Monoclonal antibodies | |||
| Rituximab | Anti-CD20 | CD20+ NHL | Phase 3 trials adult DLBCL ( Coiffier B et al, )
Casual observations in childhood BL relapse N Engl J Med . 2002 ;346 :235 –242 |
| Epratuzumab | Anti-CD22 | CD22+ NHL | Response in phase 1–2 ( Leonard JP et al, ) Clin Cancer Res . 2004 ;10 :5327 –5334 |
| SGN-30 | Anti-CD30 | ALCL | CR/Pr in phase 1–2 in adults ( Bartlett NL et al, )
Ongoing phase 2 studies Blood . 2002 ;100 :362a |
| Cytostatic drugs | |||
| Nelarabin | Nucleoside analog | T-LBL | Response in phase 1–2 studies in T-ALL( Berg SL et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2005 ;23 :3376 –3382 |
| Clofarabin | Deoxyadenosine analog | LBL, pB+ T | Response in phase 1–2 studies in ALL ( Jeha S et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2006 ;24 :1917 –1923 |
| Forodesin | Purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor | T-LBL | Phase 1, T-cell neoplasms ( Gandhi V et al, ) Blood . 2005 ;106 :4253 –4260 |
| Liposomal cytarabine | Slow released cytidine analog | CNS+ BL/B-ALL | Phase 1 ( Bomgaars L et al, ) J Clin Oncol . 2004 ;22 :3916 –3921 |
| NVP-TAE684 | Alk inhibitor | Alk+ ALCL | Cell lines, animal models ( Galkin AV et al, ) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2007 ;104 :270 –275 |
| Bortezomib | NF-κB inhibitor | PMLBL | Phase 1 ( Horton TM et al, ) Clin Cancer Res . 2007 ;13 :1516 –1522 |
| Other | |||
| Palifermin | ru-human keratinocyte growth factor | High-risk B | Significant reduction of mucositis in phase 3 studies( Spielberger R et al, *) N Engl J Med 2004 ; 351 :2590 –2598 |