Potential new drugs for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).40,22
| Drug . | Mechanism of action . | Subgroup . | Evidence inALL . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abbreviations: B-lin, B-lineage; T-lin, T-lineage; n.s., not specified so far; PNP, purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor | |||
| Monoclonal antibodies | |||
| Rituximab | antiCD20 | B-lin | Trials de novo ALL |
| Alemtuzumab | antiCD52 | B-/T-lin | Trials de novo ALL |
| Gemtuzumab | antiCD33 | CD33+ e.g., early T, pro B | Case reports |
| Epratuzumab | antiCD22 | B-lin | |
| Trastuzumab | Anti-HER2 | n.s. | |
| Cytostatic drugs | |||
| Clofarabine | Purine analogue | n.s. | Phase I-II trials |
| Nelarabine | Purine analogue | T-lin | Phase I-II trials |
| Forodesine | PNP | T-lin (B-Lin ?) | Phase I-II trials |
| Liposomal preparations | |||
| I.th. Cytarabine | Prolonged action | CNS involvement | Trials relapsed ALL |
| Daunorubicine | Less cardiotoxicity (?) | n.s. | Trials relapsed ALL |
| Vincristine | Less neurotoxicity (?) | n.s. | |
| Kinase inhibitors | |||
| Imatinib | Abl tyrosine kinase | Ph/BCR-ABL+ | Trials de novo ALL |
| Dasatinib | Abl-Src kinase inhibitor | Ph/BCR-ABL+ | Phase I-II trials |
| Nilotinib | Abl-kinase inhibitor | Ph/BCR-ABL+ | Phase I-II trials |
| Other | |||
| Tipifarnib | Farnesyl-transferase inhibitor | (T-ALL ?) | |
| LY450139, MK0752 | γ-Secretase inhibitor | Notch1 aberrant T-ALL | Phase I-II trials |
| Rapamycin and other | mTOR inhibitor | n.s. | |
| PKC412 and other | FLT3 inhibitor | MLL rearranged | |
| Drug . | Mechanism of action . | Subgroup . | Evidence inALL . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abbreviations: B-lin, B-lineage; T-lin, T-lineage; n.s., not specified so far; PNP, purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor | |||
| Monoclonal antibodies | |||
| Rituximab | antiCD20 | B-lin | Trials de novo ALL |
| Alemtuzumab | antiCD52 | B-/T-lin | Trials de novo ALL |
| Gemtuzumab | antiCD33 | CD33+ e.g., early T, pro B | Case reports |
| Epratuzumab | antiCD22 | B-lin | |
| Trastuzumab | Anti-HER2 | n.s. | |
| Cytostatic drugs | |||
| Clofarabine | Purine analogue | n.s. | Phase I-II trials |
| Nelarabine | Purine analogue | T-lin | Phase I-II trials |
| Forodesine | PNP | T-lin (B-Lin ?) | Phase I-II trials |
| Liposomal preparations | |||
| I.th. Cytarabine | Prolonged action | CNS involvement | Trials relapsed ALL |
| Daunorubicine | Less cardiotoxicity (?) | n.s. | Trials relapsed ALL |
| Vincristine | Less neurotoxicity (?) | n.s. | |
| Kinase inhibitors | |||
| Imatinib | Abl tyrosine kinase | Ph/BCR-ABL+ | Trials de novo ALL |
| Dasatinib | Abl-Src kinase inhibitor | Ph/BCR-ABL+ | Phase I-II trials |
| Nilotinib | Abl-kinase inhibitor | Ph/BCR-ABL+ | Phase I-II trials |
| Other | |||
| Tipifarnib | Farnesyl-transferase inhibitor | (T-ALL ?) | |
| LY450139, MK0752 | γ-Secretase inhibitor | Notch1 aberrant T-ALL | Phase I-II trials |
| Rapamycin and other | mTOR inhibitor | n.s. | |
| PKC412 and other | FLT3 inhibitor | MLL rearranged | |