ASFA categories for the use of TPE to treat TMA–drug associated
| Drug . | Pathophysiology . | Reported response to TPE . | ASFA category . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ticlopidine | ADAMTS13 autoantibodies | 87% | I |
| Clopidogrel | Endothelial damage | 50% | III |
| Calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and sirolimus) | Endothelial damage | NA | III |
| Gemcitabine | Endothelial damage | 18% | IV |
| Mitomycin C | Endothelial damage | 30% | NC |
| Quinine | Drug-dependent antibodies | NA | IV |
| VEGF inhibitors (bevacizumab, sunitinib, and VEGF Trap) | Renal podocyte injury | NA | NC |
| Drug . | Pathophysiology . | Reported response to TPE . | ASFA category . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ticlopidine | ADAMTS13 autoantibodies | 87% | I |
| Clopidogrel | Endothelial damage | 50% | III |
| Calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and sirolimus) | Endothelial damage | NA | III |
| Gemcitabine | Endothelial damage | 18% | IV |
| Mitomycin C | Endothelial damage | 30% | NC |
| Quinine | Drug-dependent antibodies | NA | IV |
| VEGF inhibitors (bevacizumab, sunitinib, and VEGF Trap) | Renal podocyte injury | NA | NC |
NA, not available; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Other abbreviation is explained in Table 3.