The association of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with agricultural pesticides and farming activities according to t(14;18) status
. | . | t(14;18)-positive NHL vs control subjects . | . | t(14;18)-negative NHL vs control subjects . | . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Farming status . | Control subjects* . | Case subjects† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | Case subjects§ . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | P for difference∥ . | ||
| Nonfarmers | 419 | 19 | 2.0 (0.7-5.5) | 31 | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) | .09 | ||
| Farmers | ||||||||
| Never used pesticides | 229 | 5 | 1.0 (referent) | 23 | 1.0 (referent) | NA | ||
| Used pesticides | 730 | 37 | 2.1 (0.8-5.4) | 48 | 0.7 (0.4-1.2) | .04 | ||
| Animal insecticides | 417 | 27 | 2.6 (1.0-6.9) | 27 | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) | .02 | ||
| Less than 11 y | 104 | 5 | 2.0 (0.5-7.0) | 8 | 0.9 (0.4-2.0) | .3 | ||
| 11 y or more | 107 | 9 | 3.2 (1.0-10.1) | 9 | 0.9 (0.4-2.1) | .08 | ||
| Missing | 206 | 13 | 2.8 (1.0-7.9) | 10 | 0.5 (0.2-1.1) | .01 | ||
| Crop insecticides | 301 | 22 | 3.0 (1.1-8.2) | 21 | 0.7 (0.4-1.4) | .02 | ||
| Less than 12 y | 82 | 4 | 2.1 (0.5-8.1) | 7 | 0.9 (0.4-2.3) | .3 | ||
| 12 y or more | 87 | 9 | 3.8 (1.2-12.2) | 6 | 0.8 (0.3-2.0) | .03 | ||
| Missing | 132 | 9 | 3.0 (1.0-9.3) | 8 | 0.6 (0.2-1.4) | .02 | ||
| Herbicides | 352 | 25 | 2.9 (1.1-7.9) | 22 | 0.7 (0.3-1.2) | .01 | ||
| Less than 17 y | 104 | 7 | 2.9 (0.9-9.4) | 8 | 0.8 (0.3-2.0) | .09 | ||
| 17 y or more | 109 | 9 | 3.2 (1.0-10.1) | 8 | 0.8 (0.3-1.9) | .06 | ||
| Missing | 139 | 9 | 3.0 (1.0-9.1) | 6 | 0.4 (0.1-1.1) | .007 | ||
| Fungicides | 59 | 2 | NR¶ | 3 | NR¶ | NA | ||
| Rodentcides | 523 | 28 | 2.2 (0.8-5.8) | 39 | 0.8 (0.5-1.4) | .07 | ||
| Fumigants | 112 | 14 | 5.0 (1.7-14.5) | 9 | 0.8 (0.3-1.8) | .006 | ||
. | . | t(14;18)-positive NHL vs control subjects . | . | t(14;18)-negative NHL vs control subjects . | . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Farming status . | Control subjects* . | Case subjects† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | Case subjects§ . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | P for difference∥ . | ||
| Nonfarmers | 419 | 19 | 2.0 (0.7-5.5) | 31 | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) | .09 | ||
| Farmers | ||||||||
| Never used pesticides | 229 | 5 | 1.0 (referent) | 23 | 1.0 (referent) | NA | ||
| Used pesticides | 730 | 37 | 2.1 (0.8-5.4) | 48 | 0.7 (0.4-1.2) | .04 | ||
| Animal insecticides | 417 | 27 | 2.6 (1.0-6.9) | 27 | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) | .02 | ||
| Less than 11 y | 104 | 5 | 2.0 (0.5-7.0) | 8 | 0.9 (0.4-2.0) | .3 | ||
| 11 y or more | 107 | 9 | 3.2 (1.0-10.1) | 9 | 0.9 (0.4-2.1) | .08 | ||
| Missing | 206 | 13 | 2.8 (1.0-7.9) | 10 | 0.5 (0.2-1.1) | .01 | ||
| Crop insecticides | 301 | 22 | 3.0 (1.1-8.2) | 21 | 0.7 (0.4-1.4) | .02 | ||
| Less than 12 y | 82 | 4 | 2.1 (0.5-8.1) | 7 | 0.9 (0.4-2.3) | .3 | ||
| 12 y or more | 87 | 9 | 3.8 (1.2-12.2) | 6 | 0.8 (0.3-2.0) | .03 | ||
| Missing | 132 | 9 | 3.0 (1.0-9.3) | 8 | 0.6 (0.2-1.4) | .02 | ||
| Herbicides | 352 | 25 | 2.9 (1.1-7.9) | 22 | 0.7 (0.3-1.2) | .01 | ||
| Less than 17 y | 104 | 7 | 2.9 (0.9-9.4) | 8 | 0.8 (0.3-2.0) | .09 | ||
| 17 y or more | 109 | 9 | 3.2 (1.0-10.1) | 8 | 0.8 (0.3-1.9) | .06 | ||
| Missing | 139 | 9 | 3.0 (1.0-9.1) | 6 | 0.4 (0.1-1.1) | .007 | ||
| Fungicides | 59 | 2 | NR¶ | 3 | NR¶ | NA | ||
| Rodentcides | 523 | 28 | 2.2 (0.8-5.8) | 39 | 0.8 (0.5-1.4) | .07 | ||
| Fumigants | 112 | 14 | 5.0 (1.7-14.5) | 9 | 0.8 (0.3-1.8) | .006 | ||
NA indicates not applicable; NR, not reported.
Numbers may not sum to 1432 because of missing data.
Numbers may not sum to 65 because of missing data.
Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age (4 levels), sex, type of respondent (direct or proxy interview), and family history of cancer (yes or no).
Numbers may not sum to 107 because of missing data.
P for difference was computed from polytomous logistic regression by testing the difference of regression coefficients of the usage of pesticides corresponding to t(14;18)-positive versus control subjects and t(14;18)-negative versus control subjects.
Not reported because there were fewer than 4 exposed case subjects.