Table 4

Multivariate analysis for determinants of complication rate

Complication/parameterRR95% CIP
EMH    
    Age > 35 y 0.85 0.46-1.58 .610 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 0.85 0.51-1.44 .548 
    Splenectomy 0.44 0.26-0.73 .001* 
    Transfusion 0.06 0.03-0.09 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.52 0.30-0.91 .022* 
PHT    
    Age > 35 y 2.59 1.08-6.19 .032* 
    Splenectomy 4.11 1.99-8.47 < .001* 
    Transfusion 0.33 0.18-0.58 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.42 0.20-0.90 .025* 
    Iron chelation 0.53 0.29-0.95 .032* 
HF    
    Splenectomy 2.88 0.99-8.32 .051 
    Transfusion 0.06 0.02-0.17 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 1.84 0.98-3.47 .057 
    Iron chelation 0.45 0.18-1.12 .086 
Thrombosis    
    Age > 35 y 2.60 1.39-4.87 .003* 
    Female 1.27 0.74-2.19 .387 
    Hb ≥ 90 g/L 0.41 0.23-0.71 .001* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.86 1.09-3.16 .023* 
    Splenectomy 6.59 3.09-14.05 < .001* 
    Transfusion 0.28 0.16-0.48 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.56 0.28-1.10 .090 
    Iron chelation 0.97 0.56-1.68 .912 
Cholelithiasis    
    Age > 35 y 2.76 1.56-4.87 < .001* 
    Female 1.96 1.18-3.25 .010* 
    Splenectomy 5.19 2.72-9.90 < .001* 
    Transfusion 0.36 0.21-0.62 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.55 0.29-1.02 .058 
    Iron chelation 0.30 0.18-0.51 < .001* 
Abnormal liver function    
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.74 1.00-3.02 .049* 
    Transfusion 1.56 0.76-3.17 .224 
Leg ulcers    
    Age > 35 y 2.09 1.05-4.16 .036* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.29 0.67-2.47 .449 
    Splenectomy 3.98 1.68-9.39 .002* 
    Transfusion 0.39 0.20-0.76 .006* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.10 0.02-0.43 .002* 
    Iron chelation 0.68 0.35-1.34 .269 
DM    
    Age > 35 y 2.00 0.53-7.62 .309 
    Splenectomy 5.79 0.71-47.21 .101 
    Hydroxyurea 0.24 0.03-2.20 .208 
    Iron chelation 0.40 0.10-1.62 .197 
Hypothyroidism    
    Age > 35 y 1.01 0.46-2.23 .984 
    Splenectomy 6.04 2.03-17.92 .001* 
    Transfusion 13.3 1.78-100.00 .012 
    Hydroxyurea 0.05 0.01-0.45 .003* 
    Iron chelation 0.49 0.22-1.07 .073 
Osteoporosis    
    Age > 35 y 3.51 2.06-5.99 < .001* 
    Female 1.97 1.19-3.27 .009* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.60 0.96-2.68 .072 
    Splenectomy 4.73 2.72-8.24 < .001* 
    Transfusion 3.10 1.64-5.85 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.02 0.01-0.09 < .001* 
    Iron chelation 0.40 0.24-0.68 .001* 
Hypogonadism    
    Age > 35 y 1.05 0.51-2.15 .900 
    Female 2.98 1.79-4.96 < .001* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 2.63 1.59-4.36 < .001* 
    Splenectomy 1.65 0.97-2.77 .056 
    Transfusion 16.13 4.85-52.63 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 4.32 2.49-7.49 < .001* 
    Iron chelation 2.51 1.48-4.26 .001* 
Complication/parameterRR95% CIP
EMH    
    Age > 35 y 0.85 0.46-1.58 .610 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 0.85 0.51-1.44 .548 
    Splenectomy 0.44 0.26-0.73 .001* 
    Transfusion 0.06 0.03-0.09 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.52 0.30-0.91 .022* 
PHT    
    Age > 35 y 2.59 1.08-6.19 .032* 
    Splenectomy 4.11 1.99-8.47 < .001* 
    Transfusion 0.33 0.18-0.58 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.42 0.20-0.90 .025* 
    Iron chelation 0.53 0.29-0.95 .032* 
HF    
    Splenectomy 2.88 0.99-8.32 .051 
    Transfusion 0.06 0.02-0.17 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 1.84 0.98-3.47 .057 
    Iron chelation 0.45 0.18-1.12 .086 
Thrombosis    
    Age > 35 y 2.60 1.39-4.87 .003* 
    Female 1.27 0.74-2.19 .387 
    Hb ≥ 90 g/L 0.41 0.23-0.71 .001* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.86 1.09-3.16 .023* 
    Splenectomy 6.59 3.09-14.05 < .001* 
    Transfusion 0.28 0.16-0.48 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.56 0.28-1.10 .090 
    Iron chelation 0.97 0.56-1.68 .912 
Cholelithiasis    
    Age > 35 y 2.76 1.56-4.87 < .001* 
    Female 1.96 1.18-3.25 .010* 
    Splenectomy 5.19 2.72-9.90 < .001* 
    Transfusion 0.36 0.21-0.62 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.55 0.29-1.02 .058 
    Iron chelation 0.30 0.18-0.51 < .001* 
Abnormal liver function    
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.74 1.00-3.02 .049* 
    Transfusion 1.56 0.76-3.17 .224 
Leg ulcers    
    Age > 35 y 2.09 1.05-4.16 .036* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.29 0.67-2.47 .449 
    Splenectomy 3.98 1.68-9.39 .002* 
    Transfusion 0.39 0.20-0.76 .006* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.10 0.02-0.43 .002* 
    Iron chelation 0.68 0.35-1.34 .269 
DM    
    Age > 35 y 2.00 0.53-7.62 .309 
    Splenectomy 5.79 0.71-47.21 .101 
    Hydroxyurea 0.24 0.03-2.20 .208 
    Iron chelation 0.40 0.10-1.62 .197 
Hypothyroidism    
    Age > 35 y 1.01 0.46-2.23 .984 
    Splenectomy 6.04 2.03-17.92 .001* 
    Transfusion 13.3 1.78-100.00 .012 
    Hydroxyurea 0.05 0.01-0.45 .003* 
    Iron chelation 0.49 0.22-1.07 .073 
Osteoporosis    
    Age > 35 y 3.51 2.06-5.99 < .001* 
    Female 1.97 1.19-3.27 .009* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 1.60 0.96-2.68 .072 
    Splenectomy 4.73 2.72-8.24 < .001* 
    Transfusion 3.10 1.64-5.85 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 0.02 0.01-0.09 < .001* 
    Iron chelation 0.40 0.24-0.68 .001* 
Hypogonadism    
    Age > 35 y 1.05 0.51-2.15 .900 
    Female 2.98 1.79-4.96 < .001* 
    Ferritin ≥ 1000 μg/L 2.63 1.59-4.36 < .001* 
    Splenectomy 1.65 0.97-2.77 .056 
    Transfusion 16.13 4.85-52.63 < .001* 
    Hydroxyurea 4.32 2.49-7.49 < .001* 
    Iron chelation 2.51 1.48-4.26 .001* 

RR indicates adjusted relative risk; CI, confidence interval; and DM, diabetes mellitus.

*

Statistically significant.

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