Summary of the effects of solution-phase versus immobilized heparin on platelet activation
| Presentation . | Effect . | Biochemical changes . | PI3K . | β3-integrin . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-Akt . | p-GSK3β . | p-FAK . | ||||
| Soluble heparin | Potentiates platelet activation; requires a costimulatory agonist to induce platelet aggregation | Yes | Yes | ND | Dependent | Dependent |
| Immobilized heparin | Supports platelet adhesion and initiates spreading in the absence of additional stimuli | Yes | ND | Yes | Dependent | Dependent |
| Presentation . | Effect . | Biochemical changes . | PI3K . | β3-integrin . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-Akt . | p-GSK3β . | p-FAK . | ||||
| Soluble heparin | Potentiates platelet activation; requires a costimulatory agonist to induce platelet aggregation | Yes | Yes | ND | Dependent | Dependent |
| Immobilized heparin | Supports platelet adhesion and initiates spreading in the absence of additional stimuli | Yes | ND | Yes | Dependent | Dependent |
ND indicates not determined.