Agents targeting neutrophils, platelets, and inflammatory pathways
| Category* . | Therapeutic Agent . | Mechanism of Action . | Phase (Study ID #) . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neutrophils | Rivipansel (GMI-1070) | Pan-selectin inhibitor | 3 (NCT02187003) |
| IVIG | Inhibits neutrophil activation and RBC capture | 2 (NCT01757418) | |
| SelG1 | Humanized anti–P-selectin mAb | 2 (NCT01895361) | |
| Hydroxyurea | Myelosuppression, NO donor | FDA-approved | |
| PF04447943 | PDE9 inhibitor | 1 (NCT02114203) | |
| Unfractionated heparin | Inhibits P-selectin and Mac-1 ligand binding | 2 (NCT02098993) | |
| Platelets | Prasugrel | ADP receptor blockade | 3 (NCT01794000) |
| Ticagrelor | ADP receptor blockade | 2 (NCT02482298) | |
| Inflammation | Regadenoson | A2AR agonist, blocks iNKT activation | 2 (NCT01788631) |
| NKTT120 | Humanized mAb, depletes iNKT cells | 1 (NCT01783691) | |
| Montelukast | Inhibits leukotriene receptors and mast cell degranulation | 2 (NCT01960413) | |
| Mometasone | Inhaled corticosteroids | 2 (NCT02061202) | |
| Rivaroxaban | Anti-Xa, inhibits IL-6 and VCAM-1 | 2 (NCT02072668) | |
| Ω-3 fatty acids | Reduces endothelial activation | 2 (ISRCTN80844630) | |
| Glutamine | Increases NADPH, reduced oxidative stress | 3 (NCT01179217) | |
| N-acetylcysteine | Increases glutathione, reduces oxidative stress | 3 (NCT01849016) | |
| Simvastatin | Activates endothelial NO synthase | 2 (NCT01702246) | |
| Atorvastatin | Activates endothelial NO synthase | 2 (NCT01732718) | |
| l-arginine | Substrate for NO | 2 (NCT02447874) | |
| Vaporized cannabis | Targets cannabinoid receptors to reduce chronic pain and inflammation | 1, 2 (NCT01771731) |
| Category* . | Therapeutic Agent . | Mechanism of Action . | Phase (Study ID #) . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neutrophils | Rivipansel (GMI-1070) | Pan-selectin inhibitor | 3 (NCT02187003) |
| IVIG | Inhibits neutrophil activation and RBC capture | 2 (NCT01757418) | |
| SelG1 | Humanized anti–P-selectin mAb | 2 (NCT01895361) | |
| Hydroxyurea | Myelosuppression, NO donor | FDA-approved | |
| PF04447943 | PDE9 inhibitor | 1 (NCT02114203) | |
| Unfractionated heparin | Inhibits P-selectin and Mac-1 ligand binding | 2 (NCT02098993) | |
| Platelets | Prasugrel | ADP receptor blockade | 3 (NCT01794000) |
| Ticagrelor | ADP receptor blockade | 2 (NCT02482298) | |
| Inflammation | Regadenoson | A2AR agonist, blocks iNKT activation | 2 (NCT01788631) |
| NKTT120 | Humanized mAb, depletes iNKT cells | 1 (NCT01783691) | |
| Montelukast | Inhibits leukotriene receptors and mast cell degranulation | 2 (NCT01960413) | |
| Mometasone | Inhaled corticosteroids | 2 (NCT02061202) | |
| Rivaroxaban | Anti-Xa, inhibits IL-6 and VCAM-1 | 2 (NCT02072668) | |
| Ω-3 fatty acids | Reduces endothelial activation | 2 (ISRCTN80844630) | |
| Glutamine | Increases NADPH, reduced oxidative stress | 3 (NCT01179217) | |
| N-acetylcysteine | Increases glutathione, reduces oxidative stress | 3 (NCT01849016) | |
| Simvastatin | Activates endothelial NO synthase | 2 (NCT01702246) | |
| Atorvastatin | Activates endothelial NO synthase | 2 (NCT01732718) | |
| l-arginine | Substrate for NO | 2 (NCT02447874) | |
| Vaporized cannabis | Targets cannabinoid receptors to reduce chronic pain and inflammation | 1, 2 (NCT01771731) |
NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.
Several therapies have multiple mechanisms of action.