Major etiologies of pulmonary infiltrates
| . | Diffuse infiltrates . | Nodules/nodular infiltrates . |
|---|---|---|
| Noninfectious | Pulmonary edema | Primary lung cancer |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | Lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma | |
| Congestive heart failure | Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease | |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage | Thromboembolism | |
| Peri-engraftment respiratory distress syndrome | Leukemic infiltrates | |
| Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome | ||
| Interstitial pneumonitis, idiopathic or toxic | ||
| Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis | ||
| Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis | ||
| Leukemic infiltrates | ||
| Infectious | Viruses (cytomegalovirus, community respiratory viruses, adenovirus, human herpesvirus VI) | Chronic/inactive infectious granulomata |
| P jiroveci | Bacteria, Gram-positive and Gram-negative | |
| Legionella | Nocardia | |
| Mycoplasma | Aspergillus | |
| Mucormycosis agents | ||
| Other molds | ||
| P jiroveci | ||
| Toxoplasmosis | ||
| Strongyloidiasis |
| . | Diffuse infiltrates . | Nodules/nodular infiltrates . |
|---|---|---|
| Noninfectious | Pulmonary edema | Primary lung cancer |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | Lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma | |
| Congestive heart failure | Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease | |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage | Thromboembolism | |
| Peri-engraftment respiratory distress syndrome | Leukemic infiltrates | |
| Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome | ||
| Interstitial pneumonitis, idiopathic or toxic | ||
| Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis | ||
| Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis | ||
| Leukemic infiltrates | ||
| Infectious | Viruses (cytomegalovirus, community respiratory viruses, adenovirus, human herpesvirus VI) | Chronic/inactive infectious granulomata |
| P jiroveci | Bacteria, Gram-positive and Gram-negative | |
| Legionella | Nocardia | |
| Mycoplasma | Aspergillus | |
| Mucormycosis agents | ||
| Other molds | ||
| P jiroveci | ||
| Toxoplasmosis | ||
| Strongyloidiasis |