Characteristics of patients randomized and comparison with contemporaneous intensive patients
| Characteristic . | LDAC (n = 206) . | Clofarabine (n = 200) . | Intensive (n = 1507) . | P value vs intensive . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | ||||
| <60 | 3 | 3 | 24 | <.0001* |
| 60-64 | 9 | 5 | 412 | <.0001† |
| 65-69 | 30 | 26 | 595 | |
| 70-74 | 65 | 68 | 373 | |
| 75-79 | 60 | 73 | 96 | |
| ≥80 | 39 | 25 | 7 | |
| Median (range) | 74 (54-90) | 74 (51-87) | 67 (51-84) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 86 | 75 | 586 | .8 |
| Male | 120 | 125 | 921 | |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| De novo | 126 | 124 | 1083 | .0003 |
| Secondary | 50 | 47 | 265 | |
| High-risk MDS | 30 | 29 | 159 | |
| WBC (× 109/L) | ||||
| <10 | 130 | 134 | 928 | .04* |
| 10-49.9 | 55 | 49 | 385 | .15† |
| 50-99.9 | 14 | 12 | 107 | |
| ≥100 | 7 | 5 | 87 | |
| Median | 4.6 (0.5-175.0) | 4.3 (0.5-260.6) | 5.1 (0.2-454.0) | |
| Performance status | ||||
| WHO PS 0 | 75 | 72 | 900 | <.0001* |
| WHO PS 1 | 106 | 100 | 510 | |
| WHO PS 2 | 16 | 22 | 60 | |
| WHO PS 3,4 | 9 | 6 | 37 | |
| Cytogenetics | ||||
| Favorable | 2 | 2 | 41 | .12* |
| Intermediate | 85 | 93 | 840 | |
| Adverse | 33 | 31 | 260 | |
| Unknown | 86 | 74 | 366 | |
| Wheatley group | ||||
| Good | 7 | 5 | 390 | <.0001* |
| Standard | 95 | 92 | 550 | |
| Poor | 104 | 103 | 567 | |
| FLT3-ITD | ||||
| Wild-type | 85 | 101 | 472 | .3 |
| Mutant | 20 | 9 | 93 | |
| Unknown | 101 | 90 | 942 | |
| NPM1 | ||||
| Wild-type | 85 | 95 | 390 | .6 |
| Mutant | 27 | 17 | 106 | |
| Unknown | 94 | 78 | 1021 | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Arrhythmia | 18/199 (9%) | 26/194 (13%) | 69/1456 (5%) | <.0001 |
| Cardiac | 49/202 (24%) | 53/193 (27%) | 174/1472 (12%) | <.0001 |
| Cerebrovascular | 8/202 (4%) | 11/195 (6%) | 58/1477 (4%) | .4 |
| Diabetes | 26/204 (13%) | 33/195 (17%) | 121/1481 (8%) | <.0001 |
| Mild hepatic | 13/203 (6%) | 10/195 (5%) | 68/1478 (5%) | .3 |
| Severe hepatic | 1/203 (<0.5%) | 3/195 (2%) | 21/1480 (1%) | .5 |
| Heart valve disease | 5/203 (2%) | 9/194 (5%) | 15/1472 (1%) | .0003 |
| Inflammatory bowel | 2/202 (1%) | 2/199 (1%) | 37/1475 (3%) | .07 |
| Infection | 27/204 (13%) | 30/194 (15%) | 193/1467 (13%) | .5 |
| Obesity | 14/204 (7%) | 20/195 (10%) | 95/1476 (6%) | .15 |
| Peptic ulcer | 3/203 (1%) | 5/195 (3%) | 21/1479 (1%) | .4 |
| Prior tumor | 22/204 (11%) | 20/195 (10%) | 100/1480 (7%) | .01 |
| Psychiatric | 7/198 (4%) | 6/195 (3%) | 32/1474 (2%) | .19 |
| Severe pulmonary | 3/201 (1%) | 3/193 (2%) | 15/1461 (1%) | .4 |
| Renal | 0/203 | 3/194 (2%) | 28/1480 (2%) | .11 |
| Rheumatologic | 19/203 (9%) | 18/195 (9%) | 83/1477 (6%) | .008 |
| Other | 92/193 (48%) | 89/183 (49%) | 425/1417 (30%) | <.0001 |
| Characteristic . | LDAC (n = 206) . | Clofarabine (n = 200) . | Intensive (n = 1507) . | P value vs intensive . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | ||||
| <60 | 3 | 3 | 24 | <.0001* |
| 60-64 | 9 | 5 | 412 | <.0001† |
| 65-69 | 30 | 26 | 595 | |
| 70-74 | 65 | 68 | 373 | |
| 75-79 | 60 | 73 | 96 | |
| ≥80 | 39 | 25 | 7 | |
| Median (range) | 74 (54-90) | 74 (51-87) | 67 (51-84) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 86 | 75 | 586 | .8 |
| Male | 120 | 125 | 921 | |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| De novo | 126 | 124 | 1083 | .0003 |
| Secondary | 50 | 47 | 265 | |
| High-risk MDS | 30 | 29 | 159 | |
| WBC (× 109/L) | ||||
| <10 | 130 | 134 | 928 | .04* |
| 10-49.9 | 55 | 49 | 385 | .15† |
| 50-99.9 | 14 | 12 | 107 | |
| ≥100 | 7 | 5 | 87 | |
| Median | 4.6 (0.5-175.0) | 4.3 (0.5-260.6) | 5.1 (0.2-454.0) | |
| Performance status | ||||
| WHO PS 0 | 75 | 72 | 900 | <.0001* |
| WHO PS 1 | 106 | 100 | 510 | |
| WHO PS 2 | 16 | 22 | 60 | |
| WHO PS 3,4 | 9 | 6 | 37 | |
| Cytogenetics | ||||
| Favorable | 2 | 2 | 41 | .12* |
| Intermediate | 85 | 93 | 840 | |
| Adverse | 33 | 31 | 260 | |
| Unknown | 86 | 74 | 366 | |
| Wheatley group | ||||
| Good | 7 | 5 | 390 | <.0001* |
| Standard | 95 | 92 | 550 | |
| Poor | 104 | 103 | 567 | |
| FLT3-ITD | ||||
| Wild-type | 85 | 101 | 472 | .3 |
| Mutant | 20 | 9 | 93 | |
| Unknown | 101 | 90 | 942 | |
| NPM1 | ||||
| Wild-type | 85 | 95 | 390 | .6 |
| Mutant | 27 | 17 | 106 | |
| Unknown | 94 | 78 | 1021 | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Arrhythmia | 18/199 (9%) | 26/194 (13%) | 69/1456 (5%) | <.0001 |
| Cardiac | 49/202 (24%) | 53/193 (27%) | 174/1472 (12%) | <.0001 |
| Cerebrovascular | 8/202 (4%) | 11/195 (6%) | 58/1477 (4%) | .4 |
| Diabetes | 26/204 (13%) | 33/195 (17%) | 121/1481 (8%) | <.0001 |
| Mild hepatic | 13/203 (6%) | 10/195 (5%) | 68/1478 (5%) | .3 |
| Severe hepatic | 1/203 (<0.5%) | 3/195 (2%) | 21/1480 (1%) | .5 |
| Heart valve disease | 5/203 (2%) | 9/194 (5%) | 15/1472 (1%) | .0003 |
| Inflammatory bowel | 2/202 (1%) | 2/199 (1%) | 37/1475 (3%) | .07 |
| Infection | 27/204 (13%) | 30/194 (15%) | 193/1467 (13%) | .5 |
| Obesity | 14/204 (7%) | 20/195 (10%) | 95/1476 (6%) | .15 |
| Peptic ulcer | 3/203 (1%) | 5/195 (3%) | 21/1479 (1%) | .4 |
| Prior tumor | 22/204 (11%) | 20/195 (10%) | 100/1480 (7%) | .01 |
| Psychiatric | 7/198 (4%) | 6/195 (3%) | 32/1474 (2%) | .19 |
| Severe pulmonary | 3/201 (1%) | 3/193 (2%) | 15/1461 (1%) | .4 |
| Renal | 0/203 | 3/194 (2%) | 28/1480 (2%) | .11 |
| Rheumatologic | 19/203 (9%) | 18/195 (9%) | 83/1477 (6%) | .008 |
| Other | 92/193 (48%) | 89/183 (49%) | 425/1417 (30%) | <.0001 |