Table 1. Examples of mechanistically... | American Society of Hematology

Table 1.

Examples of mechanistically studied lncRNAs with roles during normal hematopoiesis

Name	Function	Mechanism	Reference
Recruiter lncRNAs
LncHSC-2	Modulates HSC self-renewal and differentiation	Mediates binding of TCF3 to active promoters of genes encoding hematopoietic developmental regulators	47
lincRNA-EPS	Represses apoptotic/inflammatory response genes	Diffuses to the promoters of its targets and establishes a repressive chromatin state, restraining their basal expression	55,56
linc-MAF-4	Modulates T helper 1 differentiation	Recruits chromatin repressors to the neighboring MAF promoter to silence its transcription	57
Tmevpg1/NeST	Modulates helper T-cell activation	Recruits chromatin activators to the IFN-γ locus to promote its expression	58
Rmrp	Modulates T helper 17 cell differentiation	Forms a complex with DDX5 and RORγt and mediates its recruitment to genes that coordinate the Th17 effector program	59
lincRNA-Cox2	Modulates innate immune response genes	Forms a complex with hnRNP-A/B and hnRNP-A2/B1 to repress transcription of immune response genes	60
THRIL	Modulates innate immune response genes	Recruits hnRNPL to the TNFα promoter to mediate its activation	61
Morrbid	Controls myeloid cell lifespan	Recruits chromatin repressors to the neighboring Bcl2l11 promoter to attenuate its transcription	62
alncRNA-EC7/Bloodlinc	Potentiates the terminal erythropoiesis gene program	Scaffolds chromatin and transcription regulators to modulate expression of loci encoding terminal erythropoiesis mediators	34,35,66
Decoy lncRNAs
NRON	Modulates NFAT localization/activation	Scaffolds NFAT and inhibitory kinases in the cytoplasm of resting cells, preventing activation and nuclear import	68-70
lnc-DC	Promotes the terminal dendritic maturation gene program	Sequesters active STAT3 away from inhibitory phosphatases, favoring nuclear import and activation of dendritic maturation genes	36
lnc-MC	Promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation	Sequesters microRNA 199a-5p to mitigate repression of the ACVR1B monocyte/macrophage maturation regulator	84
PACER	Facilitates COX2 activation	Competes the repressive NF-κB1 homodimer away from the promoter of the neighboring COX2, favoring its induction	74
Lethe	Tunes NF-κB inflammatory responses	Titrates activating RELA away from target gene promoters, attenuating inflammatory gene activation	76

Name	Function	Mechanism	Reference
Recruiter lncRNAs
LncHSC-2	Modulates HSC self-renewal and differentiation	Mediates binding of TCF3 to active promoters of genes encoding hematopoietic developmental regulators	47
lincRNA-EPS	Represses apoptotic/inflammatory response genes	Diffuses to the promoters of its targets and establishes a repressive chromatin state, restraining their basal expression	55,56
linc-MAF-4	Modulates T helper 1 differentiation	Recruits chromatin repressors to the neighboring MAF promoter to silence its transcription	57
Tmevpg1/NeST	Modulates helper T-cell activation	Recruits chromatin activators to the IFN-γ locus to promote its expression	58
Rmrp	Modulates T helper 17 cell differentiation	Forms a complex with DDX5 and RORγt and mediates its recruitment to genes that coordinate the Th17 effector program	59
lincRNA-Cox2	Modulates innate immune response genes	Forms a complex with hnRNP-A/B and hnRNP-A2/B1 to repress transcription of immune response genes	60
THRIL	Modulates innate immune response genes	Recruits hnRNPL to the TNFα promoter to mediate its activation	61
Morrbid	Controls myeloid cell lifespan	Recruits chromatin repressors to the neighboring Bcl2l11 promoter to attenuate its transcription	62
alncRNA-EC7/Bloodlinc	Potentiates the terminal erythropoiesis gene program	Scaffolds chromatin and transcription regulators to modulate expression of loci encoding terminal erythropoiesis mediators	34,35,66
Decoy lncRNAs
NRON	Modulates NFAT localization/activation	Scaffolds NFAT and inhibitory kinases in the cytoplasm of resting cells, preventing activation and nuclear import	68-70
lnc-DC	Promotes the terminal dendritic maturation gene program	Sequesters active STAT3 away from inhibitory phosphatases, favoring nuclear import and activation of dendritic maturation genes	36
lnc-MC	Promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation	Sequesters microRNA 199a-5p to mitigate repression of the ACVR1B monocyte/macrophage maturation regulator	84
PACER	Facilitates COX2 activation	Competes the repressive NF-κB1 homodimer away from the promoter of the neighboring COX2, favoring its induction	74
Lethe	Tunes NF-κB inflammatory responses	Titrates activating RELA away from target gene promoters, attenuating inflammatory gene activation	76