Baseline characteristics
| . | DVT patients (n = 320) . | Recurrent DVT (n = 77) . | Nonrecurrent DVT (n = 231) . | P* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | ||||
| Age (y) | 46 (36-54) | 48 (39-58) | 45 (36-53) | .046 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 155 (48.44) | 30 (39.0) | 119 (51.5) | .07 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0 (23.6-29.1) | 26.3 (24.2-28.6) | 25.9 (23.4-29.4) | .45 |
| Unprovoked VTE, n (%) | 159 (49.69) | 45 (58.4) | 109 (47.18) | .11 |
| Risk factors, n (%) | ||||
| Trauma/surgery | 91 (28.4) | 15 (19.5) | 74 (32.0) | .04 |
| Hospitalization | 23 (7.2) | 6 (7.8) | 15 (6.5) | .79 |
| Pregnancy/postpartum† | 16 (9.70) | 5 (10.6) | 10 (8.9) | .77 |
| Contraceptives† | 42 (25.45) | 9 (19.1) | 32 (28.6) | .24 |
| Current smokers | 112 (35.0) | 15 (19.5) | 92 (39.8) | .001 |
| Smokers (≥10 cigarettes daily) | 18 (5.6) | 13 (16.9) | 5 (2.2) | <.0001 |
| Family history of VTE | 51 (15.94) | 12 (15.6) | 38 (16.5) | .99 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 96 (30.0) | 21 (27.3) | 73 (31.6) | .57 |
| Diabetes | 13 (4.1) | 4 (5.2) | 9 (3.9) | .74 |
| COPD | 16 (5.0) | 4 (5.2) | 12 (5.2) | .99 |
| Heart failure | 10 (3.1) | 2 (2.6) | 8 (3.5) | .99 |
| Medications, n (%) | ||||
| Aspirin | 46 (14.4) | 4 (5.2) | 40 (17.3) | .008 |
| Sulodexide alone | 37 (11.6) | 11 (14.3) | 22 (10.8) | .42 |
| ACEI | 53 (16.6) | 8 (10.4) | 43 (18.6) | .11 |
| β-blockers | 12 (3.7) | 3 (3.9) | 8 (3.5) | .99 |
| Statins | 144 (45.0) | 28 (36.4) | 109 (47.2) | .11 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 70.00 (61.88-79.56) | 70.72 (62.00-80.00) | 70.00 (61.88-79.56) | .38 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.06 (4.70-5.50) | 5.07 (4.80-5.50) | 5.1 (4.70-5.50) | .69 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.20 (0.80-1.70) | 1.26 (0.79-1.79) | 1.20 (0.79-1.67) | .49 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.2 (4.4-5.8) | 5.04 (4.43-5.78) | 5.20 (4.33-5.84) | .54 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.19 (0.89) | 3.09 (0.84) | 3.23 (0.91) | .22 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.46 (1.19-1.71) | 1.43 (1.17-1.68) | 1.45 (1.19-1.74) | .35 |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.49 (0.92-2.25) | 1.71 (1.17-2.26) | 1.46 (0.89-2.25) | .04 |
| INR | 0.98 (0.90-1.04) | 0.98 (0.91-1.04) | 0.97 (0.89-1.03) | .35 |
| Fibrinogen, g/L | 3.03 (2.53-3.89) | 2.90 (2.50-3.59) | 3.09 (2.55-3.94) | .16 |
| D-dimer, mg/dL | 279 (226-337) | 336 (254-432) | 259 (218-311) | <.0001 |
| tPA, ng/Ml | 9.6 (7.2-11.5) | 8.9 (6.8-11.7) | 9.7 (7.7-11.4) | .35 |
| PAI-1, ng/mL | 11.20 (8.5-14.5) | 10.87 (8.4-16.3) | 11.40 (8.7-13.9) | .91 |
| Peak thrombin, nM | 245.4 (210.0-291.8) | 286.43 (241.0-352.0) | 239.0 (202.0-279.5) | <.0001 |
| ETP, nM×min | 1433 (1346-1671) | 1622 (1465-1791) | 1510 (1304-1638) | <.0001 |
| Time to thrombin peak, min | 4.68 (4.23-5.33) | 4.67 (4.22-5.33) | 4.67 (4.21-5.52) | .26 |
| Genotyping, n (%) | ||||
| FV Leiden | 42 (13.12) | 8 (10.39) | 31 (13.42) | .56 |
| Prothrombin 20210A | 15 (4.69) | 4 (5.19) | 11 (4.53) | .99 |
| . | DVT patients (n = 320) . | Recurrent DVT (n = 77) . | Nonrecurrent DVT (n = 231) . | P* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | ||||
| Age (y) | 46 (36-54) | 48 (39-58) | 45 (36-53) | .046 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 155 (48.44) | 30 (39.0) | 119 (51.5) | .07 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0 (23.6-29.1) | 26.3 (24.2-28.6) | 25.9 (23.4-29.4) | .45 |
| Unprovoked VTE, n (%) | 159 (49.69) | 45 (58.4) | 109 (47.18) | .11 |
| Risk factors, n (%) | ||||
| Trauma/surgery | 91 (28.4) | 15 (19.5) | 74 (32.0) | .04 |
| Hospitalization | 23 (7.2) | 6 (7.8) | 15 (6.5) | .79 |
| Pregnancy/postpartum† | 16 (9.70) | 5 (10.6) | 10 (8.9) | .77 |
| Contraceptives† | 42 (25.45) | 9 (19.1) | 32 (28.6) | .24 |
| Current smokers | 112 (35.0) | 15 (19.5) | 92 (39.8) | .001 |
| Smokers (≥10 cigarettes daily) | 18 (5.6) | 13 (16.9) | 5 (2.2) | <.0001 |
| Family history of VTE | 51 (15.94) | 12 (15.6) | 38 (16.5) | .99 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 96 (30.0) | 21 (27.3) | 73 (31.6) | .57 |
| Diabetes | 13 (4.1) | 4 (5.2) | 9 (3.9) | .74 |
| COPD | 16 (5.0) | 4 (5.2) | 12 (5.2) | .99 |
| Heart failure | 10 (3.1) | 2 (2.6) | 8 (3.5) | .99 |
| Medications, n (%) | ||||
| Aspirin | 46 (14.4) | 4 (5.2) | 40 (17.3) | .008 |
| Sulodexide alone | 37 (11.6) | 11 (14.3) | 22 (10.8) | .42 |
| ACEI | 53 (16.6) | 8 (10.4) | 43 (18.6) | .11 |
| β-blockers | 12 (3.7) | 3 (3.9) | 8 (3.5) | .99 |
| Statins | 144 (45.0) | 28 (36.4) | 109 (47.2) | .11 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 70.00 (61.88-79.56) | 70.72 (62.00-80.00) | 70.00 (61.88-79.56) | .38 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.06 (4.70-5.50) | 5.07 (4.80-5.50) | 5.1 (4.70-5.50) | .69 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.20 (0.80-1.70) | 1.26 (0.79-1.79) | 1.20 (0.79-1.67) | .49 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.2 (4.4-5.8) | 5.04 (4.43-5.78) | 5.20 (4.33-5.84) | .54 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.19 (0.89) | 3.09 (0.84) | 3.23 (0.91) | .22 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.46 (1.19-1.71) | 1.43 (1.17-1.68) | 1.45 (1.19-1.74) | .35 |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.49 (0.92-2.25) | 1.71 (1.17-2.26) | 1.46 (0.89-2.25) | .04 |
| INR | 0.98 (0.90-1.04) | 0.98 (0.91-1.04) | 0.97 (0.89-1.03) | .35 |
| Fibrinogen, g/L | 3.03 (2.53-3.89) | 2.90 (2.50-3.59) | 3.09 (2.55-3.94) | .16 |
| D-dimer, mg/dL | 279 (226-337) | 336 (254-432) | 259 (218-311) | <.0001 |
| tPA, ng/Ml | 9.6 (7.2-11.5) | 8.9 (6.8-11.7) | 9.7 (7.7-11.4) | .35 |
| PAI-1, ng/mL | 11.20 (8.5-14.5) | 10.87 (8.4-16.3) | 11.40 (8.7-13.9) | .91 |
| Peak thrombin, nM | 245.4 (210.0-291.8) | 286.43 (241.0-352.0) | 239.0 (202.0-279.5) | <.0001 |
| ETP, nM×min | 1433 (1346-1671) | 1622 (1465-1791) | 1510 (1304-1638) | <.0001 |
| Time to thrombin peak, min | 4.68 (4.23-5.33) | 4.67 (4.22-5.33) | 4.67 (4.21-5.52) | .26 |
| Genotyping, n (%) | ||||
| FV Leiden | 42 (13.12) | 8 (10.39) | 31 (13.42) | .56 |
| Prothrombin 20210A | 15 (4.69) | 4 (5.19) | 11 (4.53) | .99 |
Values are given as mean ± SD (for LDL) or median (IQR, for other variables), unless indicated otherwise.
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator.
Recurrent versus nonrecurrent groups.
Females only.