CR Rates, Survival, and Relapse Risk by Individual Abnormalities
| Abnormality . | Total No. . | CR and Reason for Failure . | Deaths in Remission % (SE) . | Relapse Risk at 5 yr % (SE) . | Overall Survival at 5 yr % (SE) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CR Rate % . | Induction Deaths % . | Resistant Disease % . | |||||
| Overall | 1,612 | 85 | 8 | 8 | 14 (1.1) | 49 (1.5) | 44 (1.3) |
| Favorable | |||||||
| t(15;17) | 198 | 87 | 11 | 2 | 13 (3.1) | 37 (4.1)* | 63 (3.6)* |
| t(8;21) | 122 | 98* | 2 | 0† | 15 (3.4) | 29 (4.5)* | 69 (4.2)* |
| inv(16) | 57 | 88 | 12 | 0 | 9 (4.3) | 42 (7.4) | 61 (6.5)† |
| Intermediate | |||||||
| No abnormality | 680 | 88 | 6 | 6 | 15 (1.7) | 53 (2.3) | 42 (1.9) |
| +8 | 148 | 84 | 7 | 8 | 12 (2.9) | 44 (4.8) | 48 (4.3) |
| 11q23 | 60 | 87 | 7 | 7 | 9 (4.6) | 47 (7.2) | 45 (6.4) |
| +21 | 45 | 80 | 7 | 13 | 11 (6.2) | 50 (9.0) | 47 (7.7) |
| del (7q) | 32 | 75 | 6 | 19 | 19 (10.9) | 59 (10.5) | 23 (8.1) |
| del (9q) | 25 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 9 (5.8) | 39 (10.1) | 60 (9.8) |
| +22 | 22 | 91 | 5 | 5 | 13 (8.6) | 51 (12.4) | 59 (10.5) |
| Other numerical | 219 | 76* | 11 | 14* | 19 (3.4) | 60 (4.2) | 29 (3.1)* |
| Other structural | 366 | 76* | 9 | 14* | 14 (2.5) | 51 (3.2) | 35 (2.5)† |
| Adverse | |||||||
| Complex | 95 | 67* | 13 | 20* | 12 (4.9) | 68 (6.2)* | 21 (4.2)* |
| −7 | 61 | 54* | 16† | 30* | 8 (8.0) | 80 (7.1)* | 10 (3.8)* |
| abn(3q) | 40 | 63* | 23† | 15 | 20 (11.9) | 85 (7.8)* | 12 (6.2)* |
| del(5q) | 28 | 57* | 14 | 29* | 14 (9.1) | 85 (9.5)* | 11 (5.8)* |
| −5 | 26 | 42* | 12 | 46* | 12 (11.7) | 90 (9.8)† | 4 (3.8)* |
| Abnormality . | Total No. . | CR and Reason for Failure . | Deaths in Remission % (SE) . | Relapse Risk at 5 yr % (SE) . | Overall Survival at 5 yr % (SE) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CR Rate % . | Induction Deaths % . | Resistant Disease % . | |||||
| Overall | 1,612 | 85 | 8 | 8 | 14 (1.1) | 49 (1.5) | 44 (1.3) |
| Favorable | |||||||
| t(15;17) | 198 | 87 | 11 | 2 | 13 (3.1) | 37 (4.1)* | 63 (3.6)* |
| t(8;21) | 122 | 98* | 2 | 0† | 15 (3.4) | 29 (4.5)* | 69 (4.2)* |
| inv(16) | 57 | 88 | 12 | 0 | 9 (4.3) | 42 (7.4) | 61 (6.5)† |
| Intermediate | |||||||
| No abnormality | 680 | 88 | 6 | 6 | 15 (1.7) | 53 (2.3) | 42 (1.9) |
| +8 | 148 | 84 | 7 | 8 | 12 (2.9) | 44 (4.8) | 48 (4.3) |
| 11q23 | 60 | 87 | 7 | 7 | 9 (4.6) | 47 (7.2) | 45 (6.4) |
| +21 | 45 | 80 | 7 | 13 | 11 (6.2) | 50 (9.0) | 47 (7.7) |
| del (7q) | 32 | 75 | 6 | 19 | 19 (10.9) | 59 (10.5) | 23 (8.1) |
| del (9q) | 25 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 9 (5.8) | 39 (10.1) | 60 (9.8) |
| +22 | 22 | 91 | 5 | 5 | 13 (8.6) | 51 (12.4) | 59 (10.5) |
| Other numerical | 219 | 76* | 11 | 14* | 19 (3.4) | 60 (4.2) | 29 (3.1)* |
| Other structural | 366 | 76* | 9 | 14* | 14 (2.5) | 51 (3.2) | 35 (2.5)† |
| Adverse | |||||||
| Complex | 95 | 67* | 13 | 20* | 12 (4.9) | 68 (6.2)* | 21 (4.2)* |
| −7 | 61 | 54* | 16† | 30* | 8 (8.0) | 80 (7.1)* | 10 (3.8)* |
| abn(3q) | 40 | 63* | 23† | 15 | 20 (11.9) | 85 (7.8)* | 12 (6.2)* |
| del(5q) | 28 | 57* | 14 | 29* | 14 (9.1) | 85 (9.5)* | 11 (5.8)* |
| −5 | 26 | 42* | 12 | 46* | 12 (11.7) | 90 (9.8)† | 4 (3.8)* |
The prognostic significance of specific cytogenetic abnormalities is considered, irrespective of the presence of additional/secondary cytogenetic changes. On the basis of response to therapy, relapse risk, and overall survival, three prognostic groups were defined.
P < .001: P values are for Fisher exact test (CR and reasons for failure) or log rank test (deaths in remission, relapse risk, and overall survival) comparing each abnormality with normal karyotype (ie, no abnormality). All P values remain significant when stratified by age, type of leukemia (de novo or secondary) and WBC at presentation, except for inv(16) where the P value for survival becomes P = .1 when stratified by age. Percentages may not add to 100 because of rounding.
P < .01.