Demographic and treatment characteristics
| Characteristic . | All MPAL patient cases (n = 35) . | MPAL B/myeloidisoMPO patient cases (n = 21) . | Other MPAL patient cases (n = 14) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) . | No. (%) . | No. (%) . | ||
| Sex | .491 | |||
| Male | 19 (54.3) | 10 (47.6) | 9 (64.3) | |
| Female | 16 (45.7) | 11 (52.4) | 5 (35.7) | |
| Age at diagnosis, y | .181 | |||
| <10 | 21 (60.0) | 15 (71.4) | 6 (42.9) | |
| ≥10 | 14 (40.0) | 6 (28.6) | 8 (57.1) | |
| Race | 1.000 | |||
| White | 25 (71.4) | 15 (71.4) | 10 (71.4) | |
| Black | 9 (25.7) | 5 (23.8) | 4 (28.6) | |
| Asian | 1 (2.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Ethnicity | .262 | |||
| Hispanic | 9 (25.7) | 7 (33.3) | 2 (14.3) | |
| Not Hispanic | 26 (74.3) | 14 (66.7) | 12 (85.7) | |
| WBC count at diagnosis, × 109/L | .283 | |||
| <50 | 24 (68.6) | 16 (76.2) | 8 (57.1) | |
| ≥50 | 11 (31.4) | 5 (23.8) | 6 (42.9) | |
| CNS status at diagnosis | 1.000 | |||
| CNS1 | 27 (77.1) | 16 (76.2) | 11 (78.6) | |
| CNS2 | 7 (20.0) | 4 (19.0) | 3 (21.4) | |
| CNS3 | 1 (2.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Initial treatment regimen | .019 | |||
| ALL | 31 (88.6) | 21 (100.0) | 10 (71.4) | |
| AML | 4 (11.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| AML therapy during treatment course | <.001 | |||
| Yes | 10 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (71.4) | |
| No | 25 (71.4) | 21 (100.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| BMT in CR1 | .003 | |||
| Yes | 8 (22.9) | 1 (4.8)* | 7 (50.0) | |
| No | 27 (77.1) | 20 (95.2) | 7 (50.0) | |
| Overall treatment schema | <.001 | |||
| ALL only | 24 (68.6) | 20 (95.2) | 4 (28.6) | |
| ALL → BMT in CR1 | 1 (2.9) | 1 (4.8)* | 0 (0.0) | |
| ALL → AML | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ALL → AML → BMT in CR1 | 4 (11.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| AML only | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| AML → BMT in CR1 | 3 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (21.4) | |
| AML → ALL | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | |
| Initial event type | .004 | |||
| Treatment failure before EOI | 3 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (21.4) | |
| Induction failure† | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| Induction death | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Remission death | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | |
| Relapse | 6 (17.1) | 3 (14.3) | 3 (21.4) | |
| No event | 23 (65.7) | 18 (85.7) | 5 (35.7) | |
| MRD at end of induction, % | .266 | |||
| <0.01 | 28 (80.0)‡ | 18 (85.7) | 10 (71.4)‡ | |
| ≥0.01 to <5 | 5 (14.3) | 3 (14.3) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ≥5 to <25 | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ≥25 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Characteristic . | All MPAL patient cases (n = 35) . | MPAL B/myeloidisoMPO patient cases (n = 21) . | Other MPAL patient cases (n = 14) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) . | No. (%) . | No. (%) . | ||
| Sex | .491 | |||
| Male | 19 (54.3) | 10 (47.6) | 9 (64.3) | |
| Female | 16 (45.7) | 11 (52.4) | 5 (35.7) | |
| Age at diagnosis, y | .181 | |||
| <10 | 21 (60.0) | 15 (71.4) | 6 (42.9) | |
| ≥10 | 14 (40.0) | 6 (28.6) | 8 (57.1) | |
| Race | 1.000 | |||
| White | 25 (71.4) | 15 (71.4) | 10 (71.4) | |
| Black | 9 (25.7) | 5 (23.8) | 4 (28.6) | |
| Asian | 1 (2.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Ethnicity | .262 | |||
| Hispanic | 9 (25.7) | 7 (33.3) | 2 (14.3) | |
| Not Hispanic | 26 (74.3) | 14 (66.7) | 12 (85.7) | |
| WBC count at diagnosis, × 109/L | .283 | |||
| <50 | 24 (68.6) | 16 (76.2) | 8 (57.1) | |
| ≥50 | 11 (31.4) | 5 (23.8) | 6 (42.9) | |
| CNS status at diagnosis | 1.000 | |||
| CNS1 | 27 (77.1) | 16 (76.2) | 11 (78.6) | |
| CNS2 | 7 (20.0) | 4 (19.0) | 3 (21.4) | |
| CNS3 | 1 (2.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Initial treatment regimen | .019 | |||
| ALL | 31 (88.6) | 21 (100.0) | 10 (71.4) | |
| AML | 4 (11.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| AML therapy during treatment course | <.001 | |||
| Yes | 10 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (71.4) | |
| No | 25 (71.4) | 21 (100.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| BMT in CR1 | .003 | |||
| Yes | 8 (22.9) | 1 (4.8)* | 7 (50.0) | |
| No | 27 (77.1) | 20 (95.2) | 7 (50.0) | |
| Overall treatment schema | <.001 | |||
| ALL only | 24 (68.6) | 20 (95.2) | 4 (28.6) | |
| ALL → BMT in CR1 | 1 (2.9) | 1 (4.8)* | 0 (0.0) | |
| ALL → AML | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ALL → AML → BMT in CR1 | 4 (11.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| AML only | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| AML → BMT in CR1 | 3 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (21.4) | |
| AML → ALL | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | |
| Initial event type | .004 | |||
| Treatment failure before EOI | 3 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (21.4) | |
| Induction failure† | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| Induction death | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Remission death | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | |
| Relapse | 6 (17.1) | 3 (14.3) | 3 (21.4) | |
| No event | 23 (65.7) | 18 (85.7) | 5 (35.7) | |
| MRD at end of induction, % | .266 | |||
| <0.01 | 28 (80.0)‡ | 18 (85.7) | 10 (71.4)‡ | |
| ≥0.01 to <5 | 5 (14.3) | 3 (14.3) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ≥5 to <25 | 2 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | |
| ≥25 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Bold font indicates significance in P column.
AML, acute myeloid leukemia; BMT, bone marrow transplantation; CNS, central nervous system; CR1, first complete remission; MRD, minimal residual disease; WBC, white blood cell.
BMT performed because of hypodiploidy.
Induction failure defined as M2 or M3 bone marrow at EOI.
3 patients switched from ALL to AML therapy before EOI, thus affecting EOI minimal residual disease.