The 10 Frankfurt Consensus Conference on PBM (2018)34 clinical recommendations (CRs)
| CR . | Level of evidence . |
|---|---|
| Preoperative anemia | |
| CR 1: Detection and management of preoperative anemia early enough before major elective surgery | Strong recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 2: Use of iron supplementation in adult preoperative elective surgery patients with iron-deficient anemia to reduce RBC transfusion rate | Conditional recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 3: Do not use erythropoiesis-stimulating agents routinely in general adult preoperative elective surgery patients with anemia | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 4: Consider short-acting erythropoietins in addition to iron supplementation in adult preoperative elective major orthopedic surgery patients with Hb levels <13 g/dL to reduce transfusion rates | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| RBC transfusion thresholds | |
| CR 5: Restrictive RBC transfusion threshold (Hb < 7 g/dL) in critically ill but clinically stable intensive care patients | Strong recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 6: Restrictive RBC transfusion threshold (Hb < 7.5 g/dL) in cardiac surgery patients | Strong recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 7: Restrictive transfusion threshold (Hb < 8 g/dL) in patients with hip fracture and cardiovascular disease or other risk factors | Conditional recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 8: Restrictive transfusion threshold (Hb = 7-8 g/dL) in hemodynamically stable patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| Implementation of PBM programs | |
| CR 9: Implementation of PBM programs to improve appropriate RBC utilization | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 10: Computerized/electronic decision support systems to improve appropriate RBC utilization | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR . | Level of evidence . |
|---|---|
| Preoperative anemia | |
| CR 1: Detection and management of preoperative anemia early enough before major elective surgery | Strong recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 2: Use of iron supplementation in adult preoperative elective surgery patients with iron-deficient anemia to reduce RBC transfusion rate | Conditional recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 3: Do not use erythropoiesis-stimulating agents routinely in general adult preoperative elective surgery patients with anemia | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 4: Consider short-acting erythropoietins in addition to iron supplementation in adult preoperative elective major orthopedic surgery patients with Hb levels <13 g/dL to reduce transfusion rates | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| RBC transfusion thresholds | |
| CR 5: Restrictive RBC transfusion threshold (Hb < 7 g/dL) in critically ill but clinically stable intensive care patients | Strong recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 6: Restrictive RBC transfusion threshold (Hb < 7.5 g/dL) in cardiac surgery patients | Strong recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 7: Restrictive transfusion threshold (Hb < 8 g/dL) in patients with hip fracture and cardiovascular disease or other risk factors | Conditional recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 8: Restrictive transfusion threshold (Hb = 7-8 g/dL) in hemodynamically stable patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| Implementation of PBM programs | |
| CR 9: Implementation of PBM programs to improve appropriate RBC utilization | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |
| CR 10: Computerized/electronic decision support systems to improve appropriate RBC utilization | Conditional recommendation, low certainty in the evidence of effects |