Table 4.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic markers as predictors of overall survival

Prognostic variableUnivariateMultivariate
HR95% CIPHR95% CIP
R-ISS > 1 2.75 1.48-5.13 .001* 2.75 1.03-7.38 .044* 
Ki67/CD138 ≥ 5% 2.48 1.53-4.03 <.001* 1.84 1.06-3.18 .030* 
Prior lines of therapy >3 1.97 1.22-3.19 .012* 1.38 .751-2.56 .302 
Marrow plasmacytosis >60% 1.89 1.24-2.88 .003* 1.26 .744-2.12 .394 
High risk cytogenetics (R-ISS) 1.62 1.06-2.48 .025* 1.04 .625-1.73 .874 
Bortezomib refractory 1.27 .78-2.04 .337    
Double refractory 1.26 .83-1.91 .282    
Age >65 y 1.03 .70-3.28 1.514    
Lenalidomide refractory 0.94 .56-1.58 .815    
Prognostic variableUnivariateMultivariate
HR95% CIPHR95% CIP
R-ISS > 1 2.75 1.48-5.13 .001* 2.75 1.03-7.38 .044* 
Ki67/CD138 ≥ 5% 2.48 1.53-4.03 <.001* 1.84 1.06-3.18 .030* 
Prior lines of therapy >3 1.97 1.22-3.19 .012* 1.38 .751-2.56 .302 
Marrow plasmacytosis >60% 1.89 1.24-2.88 .003* 1.26 .744-2.12 .394 
High risk cytogenetics (R-ISS) 1.62 1.06-2.48 .025* 1.04 .625-1.73 .874 
Bortezomib refractory 1.27 .78-2.04 .337    
Double refractory 1.26 .83-1.91 .282    
Age >65 y 1.03 .70-3.28 1.514    
Lenalidomide refractory 0.94 .56-1.58 .815    

HR, hazard ratio.

*

Statistically significant.

Ki67/CD138: percentage of CD138+ cells that stain positively for Ki67 on immunohistochemistry.

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