Lung pathology of wild-type and SAD mice exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation and effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO)
. | Wild type + hypoxia . | . | . | . | SAD + hypoxia . | . | . | . | . | SAD + hypoxia + NO . | . | . | . | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | 1 . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 1 . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 . | 1 . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | ||||||||||
| Vessels | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Congestion | + | + | 0 | + | +++ | +++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | + | + | + | + | ||||||||||
| Constriction, μm | 0.027±0.009 | 0.08±0.01* | 0.025±0.005† | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Thrombi | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + | + | + | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Bronchus | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mucus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Inflammatory cells | 24.0±2.9 | 40.5±4.7* | 25.2±8.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Lymphocyte | 12.5±3.7 | 19.8±1.9 | 15.5±6.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Macrophage | 9.5±3.1 | 13.1±3.0 | 7±2.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Neutrophil | 2.8±1.3 | 6.9±1.0* | 3.1±1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
. | Wild type + hypoxia . | . | . | . | SAD + hypoxia . | . | . | . | . | SAD + hypoxia + NO . | . | . | . | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | 1 . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 1 . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 . | 1 . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | ||||||||||
| Vessels | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Congestion | + | + | 0 | + | +++ | +++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | + | + | + | + | ||||||||||
| Constriction, μm | 0.027±0.009 | 0.08±0.01* | 0.025±0.005† | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Thrombi | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + | + | + | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Bronchus | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mucus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Inflammatory cells | 24.0±2.9 | 40.5±4.7* | 25.2±8.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Lymphocyte | 12.5±3.7 | 19.8±1.9 | 15.5±6.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Macrophage | 9.5±3.1 | 13.1±3.0 | 7±2.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Neutrophil | 2.8±1.3 | 6.9±1.0* | 3.1±1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Congestion was evaluated as the percentage of vessel area filled with red blood cells (RBCs): 0 indicates no RBCs; +, RBCs filling less than 30% of the vessel section; ++, RBCs filling between 30% and 50% of the vessel; +++, more than 50% of the vessel filled with RBCs. Constriction: 0 indicates no constriction; +, presence of empty area of less than 0.05 μm; ++, presence of an empty area around the vessel larger than 0.05 μm. Data are expressed as mean number of cells per field at ×250 and presented as means ± SDs. Thrombi: 0 indicates no thrombi; +, presence of thrombi in small vessels. Mucus: 0 indicates no mucus; +, mucus filling less than 50% of the area of the bronchus section; ++, mucus filling more than 50% of the area of the bronchus section. Data are expressed as mean number of cells per field at ×250 and presented as means ± SDs
P < .05 compared with wild-type mice
P < .05 compared with SAD mice exposed to hypoxia