Propranolol induces Gardos channel–mediated erythrocyte dehydration. (A) Cells were stained with Fluo-4 to measure influx of Ca²⁺ in response to propranolol (Prop.) (n = 4; 1-way ANOVA). (B-C) K⁺ content in erythrocytes treated with propranolol or propranolol plus TRAM34 (n = 3; Student t test). (D) ARCA was performed to assess deformability of propranolol-treated erythrocytes (n = 3; Student t test). A/B ratio represents length over width ratio of the cells under shear. (E) Biotinylated M amurensis lectin was used to quantify α2,3-linked sialic acid on propranolol, aged, stored, and valinomycin-treated erythrocytes; data were normalized to untreated controls. (F) Effect of control, propranolol, and TRAM34 on adhesion and rolling frequency of erythrocytes to laminin-α5 and HA, respectively (n = 3-9; Student t test). Error bars indicate standard deviation unless otherwise noted. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001; ****P < .0001.