Self-renewal LSCs are targeted by CC-90009. (A) Flow cytometric analysis of 2 representative samples (AML3 and AML25) showing CD34⁺CD14⁻ cells in the AML graft in mice treated with CC-90009 or vehicle control. (B-C) Relative change in %CD34⁺ population in AML graft (B) or in the mouse bone marrow (C) from CC-90009-treated mice compared with controls. (D) LSC frequency in CC-90009- or control-treated mice determined by secondary transplantation at limiting doses for representative sample AML3 (left) and summary graph showing fold change in LSC frequency for all samples tested by limiting dilution analysis (right). (E) Number of LSCs in the primary mouse bone marrow following treatment with CC-90009 (purple bars) or vehicle control (dark green bars) (5 mice per treatment group). Each bar indicates the mean ± SEM of an individual patient sample. (F) Relative reduction in LSC numbers in mice treated with CC-90009 compared with vehicle control. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001, ****P < .0001. NR, nonresponder; ns, not significant.