Standard and target therapies for wAIHA. This figure represents the various immunologic mechanisms involved in AIHA pathogenesis, including macrophages, T and B lymphocytes, cytokines, activation of the complement cascade, ADCC in the spleen, and/or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) in the liver, and lack of BM compensation. Standard therapies include steroids and immunosuppressors that do not act specifically on the various mechanisms and splenectomy. Target therapies are directed against specific immunological mechanisms. APC, antigen-presenting cell; BAFF, B-cell–activating factor; BTK, Bruton tyrosine kinase; CAD, cold agglutinin disease; MAC, membrane attack complex; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; Syk, spleen tyrosine kinase.