CD8⁺ T-cell dysfunction in ETP-ALL. (A) Stacked bar plots depict percentage of clonal CD8⁺ T cells observed in individuals as inferred from TCR group use. (B-C) Pseudotime trajectory of CD8⁺ T cells inferred using monocle. Cells color coded based on monocle states (B) and source of CD8⁺ T cells (C). (D) Heatmap depicting expression of state-specific markers obtained through monocle. Canonical marker genes for naïve CD8⁺ T cells, activation and exhaustion/dysfunction are annotated in the heatmap. (E) Projection of RNA velocity vectors on the CD8⁺ T-cell states 5 and 6. (F) Boxplots depict exhaustion score calculated for each CD8⁺ T cell of all individuals from relative gene expression values of canonical naïve and exhaustion gene markers (“Materials and methods”; green, unique TCR; orange, recurrent TCR; blue, not determined [n.d.]). ****P ≤ .0001. ND, normal donor.