Differential expression and enrichment analysis. (A) Volcano plot indicating upregulated and downregulated genes in tissue-RS compared with the PB-CLL. A positive/negative change in expression indicates upregulation/downregulation. Red dots indicate significantly upregulated or downregulated genes at FDR < 1%. (B) Summary of the pathway enrichment analysis. For each pathway, we give the average change in gene expression and 95% confidence intervals. Positive/negative average values indicate a concerted upregulation/downregulation of genes in the pathway upon transformation. FDR values of <5% indicate that the average change in expression is significant.