Figure 1.
Principles underlying MR analyses and assumptions that need to be satisfied for unbiased analyses. Assumption 1 indicates that genetic variants used as instrumental variables (ie, SNPs) are only associated with the modifiable risk factor. Assumption 2 indicates that genetic variants are not associated with any measured or unmeasured confounders. Assumption 3 indicates genetic variants only influence the risk of developing AL amyloidosis through the modifiable risk factor.