Factors to consider when evaluating appropriateness of intensive vs non-intensive chemotherapy among older patients with AML. Factors known to increase the risk of early death and reduce survival after IC include increasing age (eg, ≥75 years), poorer performance status (^aEastern Cooperative Oncology Group or Karnofsky Performance Scale), increasing frailty (^bas assessed by the 6-minute walk test, grip strength, or timed chair stand), reduced functional capacity (as assessed by activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living), increased comorbidity burden (^das assessed by the hematopoietic cell transplant comorbidity index or Ferrara criteria), and higher multimodal AML score (^esuch as with the AML-composite model). The physician should also assess the importance to the patient of time spent in hospital, the current impact of AML on his or her quality of life (^fas assessed by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General or other scales) and their understanding of potential complications associated with treatment options being considered. Because patient perceptions of outcome are generally more optimistic than those of the physician, clear advice should be given regarding the risk of early death, expected remission rate and overall survival likely from an intensive, nonintensive, or supportive care approach.