ELISA analysis of (A) eNAMPT, (B) IL-18, (C) α-1-antitrypsin, and (D) IGF-1 levels in plasma samples of malaria-infected and uninfected children. Plasma levels were compared between plasma samples from children with hemoglobin drop with and without SMA, stable hemoglobin, SM, and uninfected children (eNAMPT and IL-18: n = 16, 20, 19, 6, and 18; AIAT and IGF-1: n = 14, 21, 18, 7, and 18, respectively). Significant differences (Holm adjust P value) are indicated in the figure.