MVs from SS patients lyse a thrombus according to their MV-PGC level. (A-B) MVs purified from blood stimulated with LPS (LPS-MVs) lyse a fluorescent human thrombus suspended in plasma in a dose-dependent manner (5-0.3 × 10⁶ MVs). Thrombolysis was monitored by measuring the fluorescence released in the thrombus supernatant at 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours (A) and the loss of thrombus weight after 48 hours (B). The results are expressed as the percentage of fluorescence increase and weight loss compared with their initial values at 0 (n = 5). (C-D) Thrombolysis mediated by LPS-MVs (10⁷ MVs) in a lysis front retraction model. Lysis is amplified by the saturation of uPAR with exogenous uPA (uPA-LPS-MVs) on the MV surface. Representative fluorescence microscopy images (C) display the retraction of the lysis front (white arrows) at 0, 6h, 24h, and 48 hours; black bar = 1000 µm. The lysis area (D) was calculated considering the whole thrombus surface (4.3 mm²) using ImageJ software. uPA-LPS-MV: red circle; LPS-MV: blue circle; and SPN: green circle. (E-F) Thrombolysis mediated by MVs from SS patients in a lysis front retraction model. Representative fluorescence microscopy images (E) display thrombolysis in the presence of SS-MVs (2 × 10⁷ MVs) purified from a pool of SS patients with low (<1.5 A_405nm × 10⁻³/min, L-SS-MV: blue circle) or high (>5 A_405nm × 10⁻³/min, H-SS-MV: red circle) MV-PGC; n = 3. For each experiment, the negative control was represented by the last MV wash supernatant (SPN: green circle). Black bar = 500 µm. The lysis area (F) was calculated considering the whole thrombus surface (4.3 mm²) using ImageJ software. Low-SS-PGC: blue circle; high-SS-PGC: red circle; and SPN: green circle. *P < .05