The distribution of gnomAD (genome and exome) datasets, genetic variants, and their frequency in RBC antigen-encoding genes. The outer ring (red) represents the RBC antigen-encoding genes, box length represents the number of variants observed, G denotes gnomAD genome frequency, and E denotes gnomAD exome frequency. The outer green (light/dark) circle indicates the distribution of variants frequency across different blood group genes from the gnomAD data. The red (light/dark) circle indicates the number of variants with ISBT associations relative to all gnomAD variants. The blue (light/dark) circle indicates the distribution of rare non-ISBT variants in all 6 populations. The dark gray circle indicates the number of non-ISBT variants annotated to the ClinVar database. The yellow circle shows the distribution of the number of novel variants.