Synthesis and characterization of BNPs with CpG deoxynucleotide complex (CpG/BNP). (A) Schematic of coating positively charged BNPs with negatively charged CpG deoxynucleotides. On the right is transmission electron microscopic image of BNP. Scale bar, 100 nm. (B) Photothermal moiety of CpG/BNP. CpG/BNP (4 mg/50 μL) was irradiated for 5 minutes with near-infrared (NIR) laser (808 nm) with 2-W output (361.2 mW/cm²). Temperature was monitored by NIR camera. (C) Temperature tracing of deionized water (DW) and BNP during and after 5 minutes of laser exposure. (D) In vivo thermal image of PTT of single flank A20 lymphoma tumor on BALB/c mouse. After injection of 1 mg of CpG/BNP to right flank, mice were irradiated for 2 minutes with NIR laser (808 nm) with 2-W output (361.2 mW/cm²). (E) Temperature curve of lymphoma tumor during and after PTT. (F) Photothermal ablation–mediated necrosis of mice skin. Scar notable 2 days after PTT that resolved after 14 days with no recurrence of the tumor.