The combination treatment of panobinostat, VCR, and DEX significantly improved the overall survival of MH/NRAS^G12D BCP-ALL mice. (A) Percentage of GFP-positive cells in PB from MH/NRAS^G12D recipient mice treated with solvent (as control), panobinostat (2.5 mg/kg), VCR (0.15 mg/kg) plus DEX (1 mg/kg), and the combination of the 3 drugs, respectively, for 2 weeks of 5-days-on/2-days-off. (B) Flow cytometry analysis of BM cells from mice as described in panel A. (C) Spleen sizes from mice as described in panel A. (D) Hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections of the spleen described in panel C. (E) Kaplan-Meier survival curves of MH/NRAS^G12D recipient mice continuously administered solvent (as control), 2.5 mg/kg panobinostat, 0.15 mg/kg VCR and 1 mg/kg DEX, and the combination of panobinostat (2.5 mg/kg) and VCR (0.15 mg/kg) plus DEX (1 mg/kg), intraperitoneally for 4 cycles of 5-days-on/2-days-off. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001.