In vitro effect of SP nanoparticles added to VWD murine blood in perfusion assays. (A) SPs or CP were added to VWD-2B blood (left panel) or to VWF-KO blood (right panel) at a ratio of 50 particles per platelet. Particle-supplemented blood or unsupplemented blood (untreated) was perfused over AR chips in the T-TAS Plus system. Graphs represent changes in pressure (a measure for thrombus formation) as a function of time. The colored area represents the standard error of the mean for each condition. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey's correction. (B-C) SPs or CP were added to VWD-2B murine blood or to VWF-KO murine blood at a ratio of 50 particles per platelet. Particle-supplemented blood or unsupplemented blood (untreated) was perfused over collagen in a parallel flow chamber at 1500 s−1. untreated representative images of thrombus formation are shown in B while percentage platelet coverage, representing adhesion or mean fluorescence intensity as a marker of thrombus size are represented in C. Results obtained with untreated WT murine blood is shown for comparison. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey's correction. ∗P ≤ .05; ∗∗P ≤ .01; ∗∗∗∗P ≤ .0001. a.u., arbitrary units; ns, not significant.
