Figure 1.
Cell-free mtDNA is elevated in myeloma. (A) Schematic of the serum extraction process. DNA was extracted from patient PB serum and analyzed via TaqMan qPCR to assess mtDNA and genomic DNA content. (B) Fold change in serum mtDNA in healthy controls (n = 9) vs patients with myeloma (n = 21). (C) Fold change in serum genomic DNA. (D) mtDNA changes from matched PB and BM serum of patients with MM (n = 11). Data indicate mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistics are presented as Mann-Whitney U test. (E) Schematic of the cell-free media extraction process. DNA was extracted from cell-free media extracted from cells in culture and analyzed via TaqMan qPCR. (F) Fold change in mtDNA in the media of control CD34+ cells (n = 6), MM patient-derived cells (n = 6), and immortalized MM cell lines (n = 4). Data indicate mean ± SD. Statistics are presented as Wilcoxon test. ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001.

Cell-free mtDNA is elevated in myeloma. (A) Schematic of the serum extraction process. DNA was extracted from patient PB serum and analyzed via TaqMan qPCR to assess mtDNA and genomic DNA content. (B) Fold change in serum mtDNA in healthy controls (n = 9) vs patients with myeloma (n = 21). (C) Fold change in serum genomic DNA. (D) mtDNA changes from matched PB and BM serum of patients with MM (n = 11). Data indicate mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistics are presented as Mann-Whitney U test. (E) Schematic of the cell-free media extraction process. DNA was extracted from cell-free media extracted from cells in culture and analyzed via TaqMan qPCR. (F) Fold change in mtDNA in the media of control CD34+ cells (n = 6), MM patient-derived cells (n = 6), and immortalized MM cell lines (n = 4). Data indicate mean ± SD. Statistics are presented as Wilcoxon test. ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001.

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