Molecular timing analysis. Copy number profiles from; (A) MYD88-wt sample, demonstrating gains in chromosomes 3, 5, 12, 15, 16, (B) MYD88-wt sample with gain in chromosome 12, (C) MYD88-mutant sample with gain of 3q and (D) MYD88-mutant sample with gains of chromosomes 4 and 18. (E-H) Molecular timing analysis for the same 4 patient samples, using the ratio of duplicated:nonduplicated mutations within clonal chromosomal gains. Red, molecular time in chromosome 12 gains; aqua, gains in other chromosomes in patients harboring a chromosome 12 gain; black, other gains.