CHIP gene mutations in the NIH FPDMM cohort. (A) Bar graph showing the numbers of somatic mutations detected in 74 CHIP genes listed in the TOPMed study.²⁷ Only those with VAF>5% are included. (B) Mutation signatures⁴³ in patients with or without somatic mutations in the CL gene list. (C) Clinical phenotypes with significant difference between patient groups with or without somatic mutations in the CL gene list.