Role of stromal cells within the FL microenvironment. FL CAFs are central organizers of the FL TME. They overexpress CXCL12, CCL19, and CCL21, contributing to tumor B-cell recruitment and activation, and CCL2, involved in TAM recruitment. FL CAFs also show a deregulated expression of adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix components affecting B-cell and immune cell migration. Finally, they contribute to the polarization of TAMs and pre-Tfhs. Figure created with BioRender.com.